Control and Regulation of Stem Cells

Symposium Participants v
Foreword xxi

Germ Cells and Totipotency
Regulating Gene Expression in the Drosophila Germ Line P. Rangan, M. DeGennaro, and R. Lehmann 1
Germ Line, Stem Cells, and Epigenetic Reprogramming M.A. Surani, G. Durcova-Hills, P. Hajkova, K. Hayashi, and W.W. Tee 9
Brief History, Pitfalls, and Prospects of Mammalian Spermatogonial Stem Cell Research, M. Kanatsu-Shinohara, M. Takehashi, and T. Shinohara 17
Spermatogenic Stem Cell System in the Mouse Testis S. Yoshida 25
Reprogramming and Differentiation in Mammals: Motifs and Mechanisms W.N. de Vries, A.V. Evsikov, L.J. Brogan, C.P. Anderson, J.H. Graber, B.B. Knowles, and D. Solter 33

Niches and Asymmetry
Interactions between Stem Cells and Their Niche in the Drosophila Ovary T. Xie, X. Song, Z. Jin, L. Pan, C. Weng, S. Chen, and N. Zhang 39
Stem Cells and Their Niches: Integrated Units That Maintain Drosophila Tissues A.C. Spradling, T. Nystul, D. Lighthouse, L. Morris, D. Fox, R. Cox, T. Tootle, R. Frederick, and S. Skora 49
Wnt Signaling and Stem Cell Control R. Nusse, C. Fuerer, W. Ching, K. Harnish, C. Logan, A. Zeng, D. ten Berge, and Y. Kalani 59
Niche Required for Inducing Quiescent Stem Cells S.-I. Nishikawa, M. Osawa, S. Yonetani, S. Torikai-Nishikawa, and R. Freter 67
Asymmetric Division and Stem Cell Renewal without a Permanent Niche: Lessons from Lymphocytes J.T. Chang and S.L. Reiner 73
Modeling Stem Cell Asymmetry in Yeast P.H. Thorpe, J. Bruno, and R. Rothstein 81

Embryonic Development and Multipotent Progenitors
The Maternal to Zygotic Transition in Animals and Plants C. Baroux, D. Autran, C.S. Gillmor, D. Grimanelli, and U. Grossniklaus 89
Directed Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells: From Developmental Biology to Therapeutic Applications S. Irion, M.C. Nostro, S.J. Kattman, and G.M. Keller 101
Regulation of Stem Cells in the Zebra Fish Hematopoietic System H.-T. Huang and L.I. Zon 111
Pioneer Factors, Genetic Competence, and Inductive Signaling: Programming Liver and Pancreas Progenitors from the Endoderm K.S. Zaret, J. Watts, J. Xu, E. Wandzioch, S.T. Smale, and T. Sekiya 119
Generation of Cardiomyocytes from New Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Poor-quality Blastocysts A. Raya, I. Rodríguez-Pizà, B. Arán, A. Consiglio, P.N. Barri, A. Veiga, and J.C. Izpisúa Belmonte 127
Regulation of Self-renewal and Differentiation in Adult Stem Cell Lineages: Lessons from the Drosophila Male Germ Line E.L. Davies and M.T. Fuller 137

Reprogramming Somatic Cells
Reprogramming of Somatic Cell Identity J. Hanna, B.W. Carey, and R. Jaenisch 147
Induced Pluripotency of Mouse and Human Somatic Cells N. Maherali and K. Hochedlinger 157
Ronin and Caspases in Embryonic Stem Cells: A New Perspective on Regulation of the Pluripotent State T.P. Zwaka 163
Common Themes of Dedifferentiation in Somatic Cell Reprogramming and Cancer G.Q. Daley 171
Pathways to New β Cells Q. Zhou and D.A. Melton 175

Gene Expression and Transcriptional Networks
Mapping Key Features of Transcriptional Regulatory Circuitry in Embryonic Stem Cells M.F. Cole and R.A. Young 183
The Transcriptional Network Controlling Pluripotency in ES Cells S.H. Orkin, J. Wang, J. Kim, J. Chu, S. Rao, T.W. Theunissen, X. Shen, and D.N. Levasseur 195
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks in Embryonic Stem Cells X. Chen, V.B. Vega, and H.-H. Ng 203
Toward Stem Cell Systems Biology: From Molecules to Networks and Landscapes B.D. MacArthur, A. Ma'ayan, and I.R. Lemischka 211
An Unexpected Role of TAFs and TRFs in Skeletal Muscle Differentiation: Switching Core Promoter Complexes M.D.E. Deato and R. Tjian 217
Stemness Is Only a State of the Cell M.N. Kagalwala, S.K. Singh, and S. Majumder 227

Epigenetics
Stem Cell Factors in Plants: Chromatin Connections N. Kornet and B. Scheres 235
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of Stem Cell Homeostasis in Plants M. Lodha, C.F. Marco, and M.C.P. Timmermans 243
Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation by Histone Methyltransferases and Demethylases D. Pasini, A.P. Bracken, K. Agger, J. Christensen, K. Hansen, P.A.C. Cloos, and K. Helin 253
Epigenetic Inheritance and Reprogramming in Plants and Fission Yeast R.A. Martienssen, A. Kloc, R.K. Slotkin, and M. Tanurdzv i´c 265
A Novel Epigenetic Mechanism in Drosophila Somatic Cells Mediated by PIWI and piRNAs H. Lin and H. Yin 273
Small RNA Silencing Pathways in Germ and Stem Cells A.A. Aravin and G.J. Hannon 283

Adult Stem Cells
Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells in Lung Postnatal Growth, Maintenance, and Repair E.L. Rawlins, T. Okubo, J. Que, Y. Xue, C. Clark, X. Luo, and B.L.M. Hogan 291
Multipotent Islet-1 Cardiovascular Progenitors in Development and Disease A. Nakano, H. Nakano, and K.R. Chien 297
Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Behavior by Pax3 and Pax7 M. Lagha, T. Sato, L. Bajard, P. Daubas, M. Esner, D. Montarras, F. Relaix, and M. Buckingham 307
Regulation and Function of Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells M. Cerletti, J.L. Shadrach, S. Jurga, R. Sherwood, and A.J. Wagers 317
The Molecular Regulation of Muscle Stem Cell Function M.A. Rudnicki, F. Le Grand, I. McKinnell, and S. Kuang 323
Building Epithelial Tissues from Skin Stem Cells E. Fuchs and J.A. Nowak 333
Very Long-term Self-renewal of Small Intestine, Colon, and Hair Follicles from Cycling Lgr5+ve Stem Cells N. Barker, J.H. van Es, V. Jaks, M. Kasper, H. Snippert, R. Toftgård, and H. Clevers 351

Neural Stem Cells and Brain Tumors
The Heterogeneity of Adult Neural Stem Cells and the Emerging Complexity of Their Niche A. Alvarez-Buylla, M. Kohwi, T.M. Nguyen, and F.T. Merkle 357
Notch, Neural Stem Cells, and Brain Tumors T.J. Pierfelice, K.C. Schreck, C.G. Eberhart, and N. Gaiano 367
Human ESC-derived Neural Rosettes and Neural Stem Cell Progression Y. Elkabetz and L. Studer 377
Metabolomics of Neural Progenitor Cells: A Novel Approach to Biomarker Discovery M. Maleti´c-Savati´c, L.K. Vingara, L.N. Manganas, Y. Li, S. Zhang, A. Sierra, R. Hazel, D. Smith, M.E. Wagshul, F. Henn, L. Krupp, G. Enikolopov, H. Benveniste, P. Djuri´c, and I. Pelczer 389
Signaling Pathways Controlling Neural Stem Cells Slow Progressive Brain Disease A. Androutsellis-Theotokis, M.A. Rueger, H. Mkhikian, E. Korb, and R.D.G. McKay 403
Cancer Stem Cells in Brain Tumor Biology J.N. Rich and C.E. Eyler 411
Neural and Cancer Stem Cells in Tumor Suppressor Mouse Models of Malignant Astrocytoma S. Alcantara Llaguno, J. Chen, C.-H. Kwon, and L.F. Parada 421
Pten and p53 Converge on c-Myc to Control Differentiation, Self-renewal, and Transformation of Normal and Neoplastic Stem Cells in Glioblastoma H. Zheng, H. Ying, H. Yan, A.C. Kimmelman, D.J. Hiller, A.-J. Chen, S.R. Perry, G. Tonon, G.C. Chu, Z. Ding, J.M. Stommel, K.L. Dunn, R. Wiedemeyer, M.J. You, C. Brennan, Y.A. Wang, K.L. Ligon, W.H. Wong, L. Chin, and R.A. DePinho 427

Stem Cells and Cancer
Establishment of a Normal Hematopoietic and Leukemia Stem Cell Hierarchy M.P. Chao, J. Seita, and I.L. Weissman 439
Role of '"Cancer Stem Cells" and Cell Survival in Tumor Development and Maintenance J.M. Adams, P.N. Kelly, A. Dakic, S. Carotta, S.L. Nutt, and A. Strasser 451
The INK4-ARF (CDKN2A/B) Locus in Hematopoiesis and BCR-ABL–induced Leukemias R.T. Williams and C.J. Sherr 461
Delineating the Epithelial Hierarchy in the Mouse Mammary Gland M.-L. Asselin-Labat, F. Vaillant, M. Shackleton, T. Bouras, G.J. Lindeman, and J.E. Visvader 469
Stem Cell Biology in the Lung and Lung Cancers: Using Pulmonary Context and Classic Approaches D.M. Raiser, S.J. Zacharek, R.R. Roach, S.J. Curtis, K.W. Sinkevicius, D.W. Gludish, and C.F. Kim 479
Epithelial Stem Cells of the Prostate and Their Role in Cancer Progression R.U. Lukacs, D.A. Lawson, L. Xin, Y. Zong, I. Garraway, A.S. Goldstein, S. Memarzadeh, and O.N. Witte 491
Role of β-catenin in Epidermal Stem Cell Expansion, Lineage Selection, and Cancer F.M. Watt and C.A. Collins 503
Implications of Cellular Senescence in Tissue Damage Response, Tumor Suppression, and Stem Cell Biology V. Krizhanovsky, W. Xue, L. Zender, M. Yon, E. Hernando, and S.W. Lowe 513

Renewal and Regeneration
Regulation of Self-renewal and Differentiation in the Drosophila Nervous System T.D. Southall, B. Egger, K.S. Gold, and A.H. Brand 523
Progenitor Cells for the Prostate Epithelium: Roles in Development, Regeneration, and Cancer M.M. Shen, X. Wang, K.D. Economides, D. Walker, and C. Abate-Shen 529
Stem Cells Use Distinct Self-renewal Programs at Different Ages B.P. Levi and S.J. Morrison 539
Complementary and Independent Function for Hoxb4 and Bmi1 in HSC Activity A. Faubert, J. Chagraoui, N. Mayotte, M. Fréchette, N.N. Iscove, R.K. Humphries, and G. Sauvageau 555
Regeneration, Stem Cells, and the Evolution of Tumor Suppression B.J. Pearson and A. Sánchez Alvarado 565
Germ Cell Specification and Regeneration in Planarians P.A. Newmark, Y. Wang, and T. Chong 573
Novel Insights into the Flexibility of Cell and Positional Identity during Urodele Limb Regeneration M. Kragl, D. Knapp, E. Nacu, S. Khattak, E. Schnapp, H.-H. Epperlein, and E.M. Tanaka 583

Summary: Present and Future Challenges for Stem Cell Research B.L.M. Hogan 593

Author Index 601
Subject Index 603