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 XLVII: Structures of DNA 1982 |
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From left: Dr. Jane Parnes, Dr. Richard Axel, Dr. Leroy Hood  SYMPOSIUM SYNOPSIS LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTENTS OF SYMPOSIUM VOLUME PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED VOLUME  |
Structures of DNA
Symposium Volume XLVII Contents
Part 1
Symposium Participants v
Foreword xiii
Introduction
Right-handed and Left-handed DNA: Conformational Information in Genetic Material A. Rich 1
The Handedness of DNA
Helix Geometry and Hydration in A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA R. E. Dickerson, H. R. Drew, B. N. Conner, M. L. Kopka, and P. E. Pjura 13
Structural Diversity in DNA: From Monomer Structures to Oligonucleotides M. A. Viswamitra 25
Right-handed and Left-handed Double-helical DNA: Structural Studies A. H.-J. Wang, S. Fujii, J. H. van Boom, and A. Rich 33
Left-handed DNA Duplexes V. Sasisekharan 45
DNA Secondary Structures: Helices, Wrinkles, and Junctions S. Arnott, R. Chandra- sekaran, I. H. Hall, L C. Puigjaner, J. K. Walker, and M Wan 53
DNA Structures and Transitions: X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Solvated Fibers S. B. Zim- merman and B. H. Pheiffer 67
Left-handed DNA Helices, Supercoiling, and the B-Z Junction R. D. Wells, R. Brennan, K. A. Chapman, T. C. Goodman, P. A. Hart, W. Hillen, D. R. Kellogg, M. W. Kilpatrick, R.. D. Klein, J. Klysik, P. F. Lambert, J. E. Larson, J. J. Miglietta, S. K. Neuendorf, T. R.. O'Connor, C. K. Singleton, S. M. Stirdivant, C. M. Veneziale, R. M. Wartell, and W. Zacharias 77
DNA Supercoiing and Its Effects on DNA Structure and Function J. C. Wang, L. J. Peck, and K. Becherer 85
Supercoiing and Left-handed Z-DNA A. Nordheim, L. J. Peck, E. M. Lafer, B. D. Stollar, J. C. Wang, and A. Rich 93
Dynamic, Sequence-dependent DNA Structures as Exemplified by Cruciform Extrusion from Inverted Repeats in Negatively Supercoiled DNA D. M. J. Lilley 101
Salt-induced Transition between Two Double-helical Forms of Oligo(dC-dG) F. M. Pohl 113
DNA Formed by Reassociation of Complementary Single-stranded Circles from Natural DNA Is Shown to Contain Left- and Right-handed Double Helices S. Brahms, J. Vergne, J. G. Brahms, E. DiCapua, P. Bucker, and T. Koller 119
Transitions Induced by Metal Complexes among Several Forms of DNA G. L. Eichhorn, Y. A. Shin, and J. J. Butzow 125
Alternative Description of the Transition between B-DNA and Z-DNA R. C. Hopkins 129
Electron Microscopy of "Z-DNA" H. Castleman and B. F. Erlanger 133
Generation of Left-handed Z-DNA in Solution and Visualization in Polytene Chromosomes by Immunofluorescence T. M. Jovin, J. H. van de Sande, D. A. Zarling, D. J. Arndt- Jovin, F. Eckstein, H. H. Füldner, C. Greider, I. Grieger, E. Hamori, B. Kalisch, L.P. McIntosh, and M. Robert-Nicoud 143
Antibody Recognition of Z-DNA E. M. Lafer, A. Möller, R. P. C. Valle, A. Nordheim, A. Rich, and B. D. Stollar 155
Interactions between Nucleic Acids and Antibodies to Z-DNA M. Leng, B. Hartmann, B. Malfoy, J. Pilet, J. Ramstein, and E. Sage 163
Z-DNA and the Polytene Chromosome M. L. Pardue, A. Nordheim, E. M. Lafer, B. D. Stollar, and A. Rich 171
Conformational Analysis
Dynamic Behaviors of DNA Molecules in Solution Studied by Fluorescence Microscopy M. Yanagida, Y Hiraoka, and I. Katsura 177
New Techniques for Purifying Large DNAs and Studying Their Properties and Packaging D. C. Schwartz, W Saffran, J. Welsh, R. Haas, M. Goldenberg, and C. R. Cantor 189
NMR Studies of DNA Conformation and Dynamics in Solution D. J. Patel, S. A.. Kozlowski, S. Ikuta, K. Itakura, R. Bhatt, and D. R. Hare 197
Application of Multiple-pulse ¹H-NMR Techniques to the Study of Two Synthetic DNA Decamers J. Feigon, J. M. Wright, W. A. Denny, W. Leupin, and D. R. Kearns 207
Statistical Mechanical Analysis of Competing Conformational Transitions in Superhelical DNA C. J. Benham 219
Theoretical Probes of DNA Conformation Examining the B?Z Conformational Transition W. K. Olson, A. R. Srinivasan, N. L. Marky, and V. N. Balaji 229
Cooperative Transitions in DNA with No Separation of Strands V. I. Ivanov, L. E. Minchenkova, F. E. Minyat, and A. K. Schyolkina 243
Computer Simulation of DNA Double-helix Dynamics M. Levitt 251
Transmission of Long-range Effects in DNA D. M. Crothers and M. Fried 263
Sequence-dependent Variations of B-DNA Structure and Protein-DNA Recognition E. N. Trifonov 271
A Bent Helix in Kinetoplast DNA J. C. Marini, S. D. Levene, D. M. Crothers, and P. T. Englund 279
Helical Periodicity of DNA On and Off the Nucleosome as Probed by Nucleases A. Klug, L. C. Lutter, and D. Rhodes 285
Chemically Modified DNA
b-Kinked DNA-a Structure That Gives Rise to Drug Intercalation and DNA Breathing-and Its Wider Significance in Determining the Premelting and Melting Behavior of DNA H. M. Sobell, T. D. Sakore, S. C. Jam, A. Banerjee, K. K. Bhandary, B. S. Reddy, and E. D. Lozansky 293
Some New Aspects of Actinomycin D-Nucleic Acid Binding F. Takusagawa and H. M. Berman 315
Netropsin Increases the Linking Number of DNA A. D. B. Malcolm and G. Snounou 323
Interactions of Aflatoxin B, and Alkylating Agents with DNA: Structural and Functional Studies J. M. Essigmann, C. L Green, R. G. Croy, K.. W. Fowler, G. H. Büchi, and G. N. Wogan 327
Carcinogens Can Induce Alternate Conformations in Nucleic Acid Structure R.M. Santella, D. Grunberger, and I. B. Weinstein 339
Footprinting with MPE·Fe(II). Complementary-strand Analyses of Distamycin- and Actinomycin-binding Sites on Heterogeneous DNA M. W. Van Dyke and P. B. Dervan 347
Ethidium Bromide Alters the Binding Mode of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) to pBR322 DNA C. M. Merkel and S. J. Lippard 355
Sharp Kink of DNA at Psoralen-cross-link Site Deduced from Crystal Structure of Psoralen- Thymine Monoadduct S.-H. Kim, S. Peckler, B. Graves, D. Kanne, H. Rapoport, and J. E. Hearst 361
Synthetic Sequence-specific Ligands G. V. Gursky, A. S. Zasedateley, A. L. Zhuze, A. A. Khorlin, S. L. Grokhovsky, S. A. Streltsov, A. N. Surovaya, S. M. Nikitin, A. S. Krylov, V. O. Retchinsky, M. V. Mikhailov, R. S. Beabealashvili, and B. P. Gottikh 367
Altered Structure of Ultraviolet-irradiated DNA: Evidence for Unwinding H. J. Edenberg 379
Chemical Synthesis of DNA
Solid-phase Synthesis of Polynucleotides. VIII. A Simplified Synthesis of Oligodeoxy- ribonucleotides Z -K. Tan, S. Ikuta, T. Haung, A. Dugaiczyk, and K. Itakura 383
Continuous-flow Phosphotriester Method for Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleo- tides M. J. Gait, H. W. D. Matthes, M. Singh, B. S. Sproat, and R. Titmas 393
Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Synthetic DNA Fragments J. H. van Boom, G. A. van der Marel, H. Westerink, C. A. A. van Boeckel, J. -R. Mellema, C. Altona, C. W. Hilbers, C. A. G. Haasnoot, S. H. de Bruin, and R. G. Berendsen 403
Chemical Synthesis and Biological Studies on Mutated Gene-control Regions M. H. Caruthers, S. I. Beaucage, J. W. Efcavitch, E. F. Fisher, R.. A.. Goldman, P. L. deHaseth, W. Mandecki, M. D. Matteucci, M. S. Rosendahl, and Y. Stabinsky 411
DNA-Protein Interactions
Catabolite Gene Activator Protein: Structure, Homology with Other Proteins, and Cyclic AMP and DNA Binding T. A. Steitz, I. T. Weber, and J. B. Matthew 419
Cro Repressor Protein and Its Interaction with DNA B. W. Matthews, D. H. Ohlendorf, W. F. Anderson, R. G. Fisher, and Y. Takeda 427
Structure of the Operator-binding Domain of Bacteriophage l Repressor: Implications for DNA Recognition and Gene Regulation M. Lewis, A. Jeffrey, J. Wang, R. Ladner, M. Ptashne, and C. O. Pabo 435
Mutations Defining the Operator-binding Sites of Bacteriophage l Repressor H. C. M. Nel- son, M. H. Hecht, and R. T. Sauer 441
Direct Measurement of DNA Unwinding Angle in Specific Interaction between lac Operator and Repressor R. Kim and S.-H. Kim 451
Size of the Unwound Region of DNA in Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase and Calf Thymus RNA Polymerase II Ternary Complexes H. B. Gamper and J. E. Hearst 455
Ion Effects on the Aggregation and DNA-binding Reactions of Escherichia coli RNA Poly- merase S. L Shaner, P. Melan~on, K. S. Lee, R. R. Burgess, and M. T. Record, Jr 463
In Vivo Expression of lac Promoter Variants with Altered -10, -35, and Spacer Sequences J. W. Ackerson and J. D. Gralla 473
DNA Determinants of Promoter Selectivity in Escherichia coli W. R. McClure, D. K. Hawley, P. Youderian, and M. M. Susskind 477
Protein Blotting as a Means of Detecting Sequence-specific DNA-binding Proteins R. S. Jack, M. T. Brown, and W. I. Gehring 483
DNA within Nucleosomes
Studies of Nucbeosome Structure T. J. Richmond, J. T. Finch, and A. Klug 493
Structure of Nucleosomes, Chromatin, and RNA Polymerase-Promoter Complex as Re- vealed by DNA-Protein Cross-linking A. D. Mirzabekov, S. G. Bavykin, V. L Karpov, O. V. Preobrazhenskaya, K. K. Ebralidze, V. M. Tuneev, A. F. Melnikova, F. G. Goguadze, A. A. Chenchick, and R. S. Beabealashvili 503
Cellular and SV40 Chromatin: Replication, Segregation, Ubiquitination, Nuclease-hyper- sensitive Sites, HMG-containing Nucleosomes, and Heterochromatin-specific Protein A. Varshavsky, L. Levinger, O. Sundin, J. Barsoum, E. Özkaynak, P. Swerdlow, and D. Finley 511
Cleavage Reagents as Probes of DNA Sequence Organization and Chromatin Structure: Drosophila melanogaster Locus 67B1 S. C. R. Elgin, I. L Cartwright, G. Fleischmann, K Lowenhaupt, and M. A. Keene 529
Expression of the Mouse Metallothionein-I Gene Alters the Nuclease Hypersensitivity of Its 5' Regulatory Region A. W. Senear and R. D. Palmiter 539
Properties of the Chromatin Assembled on DNA Injected into Xenopus Oocytes and Eggs G. Gargiulo, W Wasserman, and A. Worcel 549
Model for the Structure of the Active Nucloolar Chromatin P. Labbort, P. Ness, E. Banz, R. Parish, and T. Koller 557
SV40 Morphogenesis M. Bina, V. Blasquez, S.-C. Ng, and S. Beecher 565
Nucleosome-core Assembly on B and Z Forms of Polytd(G-m5C)] F. D. Miller, J. B. Rattner, and J. H. van de Sande 571
Part 2
DNA Methylation
Methylation and Chromatin Structure G. Felsenfeld, J. Nickol, M. Behe, J. McGhee, and D. Jackson 577
Coupled Demethylation of Sites in a Conserved Sequence of Xenopus Ribosomal DNA A. La Volpe, M. Taggart, D. Macleod, and A Bird 585
DNA Methylation and Gene Activity: The Adenovirus System as a Model W. Doerfler I. Kruczek, D. Eick, L. Vardimon, and B. Kron 593
Effect of DNA Methylationon Gene Expression H. Cedar, R. Stein, Y. Gruenbaum, T. Naveh-Many, N. Sciaky-Gallili, and A. Razin 605
Retroviruses and Embryogenesis: De Novo Methylation Activity Invovled in Gene Epression D. Jähner, C. L. Stewart, H. Stuhlmann, K. Harbers, R. Jaenisch 611
Implications for X-Chromosome Regulation from Studies of Human X Chromosome S. F. Wolfe and B. R. Midgeon 621
DNA Methylation and Control of Gene Expression on the Human X Chromosome L.J. Sharpiro and T. Mohandas 631
Methylation Regulates the Expression of a DNA-modification Function Encoded by Bacteriopage Mu R. Kahnmann 639
Regulation of the DNA-modification Function of Bacteriopage Mu S. Hattman, M. Goradia, and c. Monoghan, and A. I. Bukhari 647
DNA Replication
Studies on DNA Replication in the Bacteriopage T4 In Vitro System B. M. Alberts, J. Barry, P. Bedinger, T. Formosa, C. V. Jongeneel, and K.N. Kreuzer 655
Mechanisms for the Initiation of Bacteriopage T7 DNA Replication C.W. Fuller, B. B. Beauchamp, M. J. Engler, R. L. Lechner, S. W. Matson, S. Tabor, J. H. White, and C.C. Richardson 669
Replication of Bacterioopage l DNA T. Tsurimoto and K. Matsubara 681
Enzymatic Recognition of DNA Replication Origins M. M. Stayton, L. Betsch, S. Biswas, P. Burgers, N. Dixon, J. E. Flynn, Jr., R. Fuller, J. Kaguni, J. Kobori, M. KOdaira, R. Low, and A. Kornberg 693
DNA Structures Required for f X174 A Protien-directed Initiation and Termination of DNA Replication D. R. Brown, D. Reinberg, T. Schmidt-Glenewinkel, M. Roth, S. L. Zipursky, and J. Hurwotz 701
Signals for the Initation and Termination of Synthesis of the Viral Strand of Bacteriopage f1 G. P. Dotto, K. Horiuchi, K. S. Jakes, and N. D. Zinder 717
Structure and Replication of Vaccina Virus Telomers B. M. Baroudy, S. Venkateson, and B. Moss 723
Isolation of Proteins Involved in the Replication of Adenoviral DNA IN Vitro J.H. Lichy, K. Nagata, B. R. Friefeld, T. Enomoto, J. Field, R. A. Guggenheimer, J.-E. Ikeda, M.S. Horowitz, and J. Hurwitz 731
Adenovirus DNA Replication: DNA Sequences and Enzymes Required for Initiation In Vitro B. W. Stillman and F. Tamanoi 741
Structure and Replication of Minute Virus of Mice DNA C. R. Astell, M. Thomson, M. B. Chow, and D. C. Ward 751
Gyrases and Topoisomerases
Regulation of DNA Supercoiling in Escherichia coli M. Gellert, R. Menzel, K. Mizuuchi, M.H. O'Dea, and D.I. Friedman 763
Escherichia coli Type 1- Topoisomerases: Identification, Mechanism, and Role in Recombina- tion F. Dean, M. A. Krasnov, R. Otter, M. M. Matzuk, S. J. Spengler, and N.R. Cozzarelli 769
Escherichia coli DNA Topoisomerase I Mutants Have Compensatory Mutations at or near DNA Gyrase Genes S. DiNardo, K. A. Voelkel, R. Sternglaz, A. E. Reynolds, and A. Wright 779
Loss of DNA Topoisomerase I Activity Alters Many Cellular Functions in Salmonella typhimurium K. M. Overbye, S. K. Basu, and P. Margolin 785
DNA Supercoiling: Changes during Cellular Differentiation and Activation of Chromatin Transcription A. N. Lachnik, V. V. Bakayev, and V. M. Glaser 793
Recombining and Mutating DNA
DNA Strand Exchange Promoted by recA Protein and Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein of Escherichia coli M. M. Cox, D. A. Sofris, Z. Lwneh, and I. R. Lehman 803
Unwinding of Duplex DNA in Complexes with recA Protein A. Stasiak, E. DiCapua, and T Kolle 811
Three Phases in Homologous Pairing: Polymerization of recA Protein on Single-stranded DNA, Synapsis, and Polar Strand Exchange C. M. Radding, J. Flory, A. Wu, R. Kahn, C. DasGupta, D. Gonda, M. Bianchi, and S.S. Tsang 821
Homologous Association of Chromosomal DNA during Yeast Meiosis L. R. Bell and B. Byers 829
Analysis of Spontaneous Deletions and Gene Amplification in the bc Region of Escherichia coli A. M. Albertini, M. Hofer, M. P. Cabs, T. D. Tlsty, and J. H. Miller 841
Unique SeIf-complementarity of Palindromic Sequences Provides DNA Structural Inter- mediates for Mutation L. S. Ripley and B. W. Glickman 851
A Directed-mutagenesis Method for the Analysis of Ultraviolet-induced Mutagenesis Z. Livneh 863
Transcription of DNA and Its Regulation
RNA p
Evidence for Two Functional Regions in the Xenopus laevis olymerase I Promoter R. H. Reeder, J. Wilkinson, A. Bakken, G. Morgan, S. J. Busby, J. Roan, and B. Sollner- Webb 867
DNA Conformation and Transcription Initiation of Eukaryotic tRNA Genes R. A. Hipskind, A. Mazabraud, J. Corlet, and S. G. Clarkson 873
Developmental Regulation of Xenopus 5S RNA Genes W. M. Wormington, M. Schlissel, and D. D. Brown 879
Role of tRNA Gene Structure in Transcription and Processing G. P. Tocchini-Valentini, E. Mattoccia, M. I. Baldi, R. Ogden, and G. Pande 885
Small Ribonucleoproteins from Eukaryotes: Structures and Roles in RNA Biogenesis J.A. Steitz, S. L. Wolin, J. Rinke, I. Pettersson, S. M. Mount, E. A. Lerner, M. Hinterberger, and E. Gattlieb 893
Promoter Elements, Regulatory Elements, and Chromatin Structure of the Yeast his3 Gene K. Struhl 901
Analysis of the Transcriptional Enhancer Effect J. de Villiers, L. Olson, J. Banerji, and W. Schaffiuer 911
Potentiator Effect of the SV40 72-bp Repeat on Initiation of Transcription from Heterologous Promoter Elements B. Wasylyk and P. Chambon 921
Structure and Function of the Promoter-Enhancer Region of Polyoma and SV40 S. Cereghini, P. Herbomel, J. Jouanneau, S. Saragosti, M. Katinka, B. Bourachot, B. de Crombrugghe, and M. Yaniv 935
Constitutive Transcriptional Control Signals of the Herpes Simplex Virus tk Gene S. L. McKnight 945
Appendix: Transcription of Circular and Linear DNA in Amphibian Oocytes R. M. Harland, H. Weintraub, and S. L McKnight 958
Interaction of Eukaryotic Class-B Transcription Factors and Chick Progesterone-Receptor Complex with Conalbumin Promoter Sequences B. L. Davison, E. R. Mulvihill, J. M. Egly, andP. Chambon 965
Biological Activity of Cloned Mammary Tumor Virus DNA Fragments That Bind Purified Glucocorticoid Receptor Protein In Vitro K. R. Yamamoto, F. Payvar, G. L. Firestone, B. A. Maler, O. Wrange, J. Carlstedt-Duke, J.Å Gustafsson, and V. L Chandler 977
DNA Sequences Required for Hormonal Induction of Rat a-globulin Genes D. T. Kurtz, L McCullough, D. K Bishop, and M. M. Manos 985
Sites Required for Position-Effect Regulation of Mating-type Information in Yeast J. Abraham, J. Feldman, K. A. Nasmyth, J. N. Strathern, A. J. S. KIar, J. R. Broach, and J. B. Hicks 989
The Organization of Genes along DNA
Organization and Expression of Bacteriophage T7 DNA F. W Studier and J. J. Dunn 999
Features of Bacteriophage l: Analysis of the Complete Nuclootide Sequence D. L. Daniels, F. Sanger, and A. R. Coulson 1009
Information Content of the Adenovirus-2 Genome R. J. Roberts, D. Sciaky, R. E. Gelinas, B. -D. hang, C. E. Yen, M. M. Kelly, P. A. Bullock, B. L. Parsons, K. E. O'Neill, and T. R. Gingeras 1025
Procollagen Genes: Further Sequence Studies and Interspecies Comparisons V. Tate, M. Finer, H. Boedtker, and P. Doty 1039
Genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex L. Hood, M. Steinmetz, R. Goodenow, K. Eakle, D. Fisher, J. Kobori, B. Malissen, M. Malissen, M. McMillan, J. McNicholas, A. Örn, M. Pecht, B. T. Sher, L. Smith, I. Stroynowski, H. Sun, A. Winoto, and M. Zuniga 1051
Structure and Expression of the Human Globin Genes and Murine Histocompatability Antigen Genes R. A. Flavell, F. Grosveld, M. Busslinger, E. de Boer, D. Kioussis, A. L. Mellor, L. Golden, E. Weiss, J. Hurst, H. Bud, H. Bullman, E. Simpson, R. James, A. R. M. Townsend, P. M. Taylor, W. Schmidt, J. Ferluga, L. Leben, M. Santamaria, G. Affield, and H. Festenstein 1067
Sequences of Human Repetitive DNA, Non-a-globin Genes, and Major Histocompatibility Locus Genes I. Repeated-sequence DNA Y. Fukumaki, F. Collins, R. Kole, C. J. Stoeckert, Jr., P. Jagadeeswaran, C. H. Duncan, and S. M. Weissman 1079
II. Sequences of Non-a-globin Genes in Man P. Jagadeeswaran, J. Pan, B. G. Forget, and S. M. Weissman 1081
III. The Major Histocompatibility Complex P. A. Biro, J. Pan, A. K. Sood, R. Kole, V. B. Reddy, and S. M. Weissman 1082
Codon Usage and Transfer RNA Contents: Organism-specific Codon-choice Patterns in Reference to the Isoacceptor Contents T. Ikemura and H. Ozeki 1087
From Primeval Message to Present-day Gene J. C. W Shepherd 1099
Repetitive DNA and Pseudogenes
Dispersed Repetitive Sequences in Eukaryotic Genomes and Their Possible Biological Significance G. P. Georgiev, D. A. Kramerov, A. P. Ryskov, K. G. Skryabin, and F. M. Lukanidin 1109
The Mammalian Alu Family of Dispersed Repeats W R. Jelinek and S. R. Haynes 1123
Alu Family Members in the Human a-like Globin-gene Cluster G. M. Fox, J. F. Hess, C. -K. J. Shen, and C.W. Schmid 1131
Genome Alteration during In Vitro and In Vivo Aging: Amplification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Molecules Containing a Chromosomal Sequence of Variable Repeat Fre- quency R. J. Shmookler Reis, C. K. Lumpkin, Jr., 1. R. McGill, K. T. Riabowol, and S. Goldstein 1135
Either Gene Amplification or Gene Conversion May Maintain the Homogeneity of the Multigene Family Encoding Human Ul Small Nuclear RNA A. M. Weiner and R. A. Denison 1141
Sites of Divergence in the Sequence of a Complex Satellite DNA and Several Cloned Variants D. M. Skinner, V. Bonnewell, and R. F. Fowler 1151
DNA Structures: The Fourth Approach to Comparative Biology T. J. M. Schopf 1159
Origins of Replication, Centromeres, and Telomeres
Localization and Sequence Analysis of Yeast Origins of DNA Replication J. R. Broach, Y-Y Li, J. Feldman, M. Jayaram, J. Abraham, K. A. Nasmyth, andi. B. Hicks 1165
Structural Analysis and Sequence Organization of Yeast Centromeres K. S. Bloom, M. Fitzgerald-Hayes, and J. Carbon 1175
Replication and Resolution in Telomeres in Yeast J. W. Szostak 1187
DNA Termini in Ciliate Macronuclei E. H. Blackburn, M. L. Budarf, P. B. Challoner, J. M. Cherry, E. A. Howard, A. L Katzen, W. -C. Pan, and T. Ryan 1195
Chromosomal Structure and Arrangement of Repeated DNA Sequences in the Telomeric Heterochromatin of Secale cereale and Its Relatives J. D. G. Jones and R. B. Flavell 1209
Summary
Structures of DNA A. KIug 1215
Symposium Participants v
Foreword xiii
Introduction
Right-handed and Left-handed DNA: Conformational Information in Genetic Material A. Rich 1
The Handedness of DNA
Helix Geometry and Hydration in A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA R. E. Dickerson, H. R. Drew, B. N. Conner, M. L. Kopka, and P. E. Pjura 13
Structural Diversity in DNA: From Monomer Structures to Oligonucleotides M. A. Viswamitra 25
Right-handed and Left-handed Double-helical DNA: Structural Studies A. H.-J. Wang, S. Fujii, J. H. van Boom, and A. Rich 33
Left-handed DNA Duplexes V. Sasisekharan 45
DNA Secondary Structures: Helices, Wrinkles, and Junctions S. Arnott, R. Chandra- sekaran, I. H. Hall, L C. Puigjaner, J. K. Walker, and M Wan 53
DNA Structures and Transitions: X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Solvated Fibers S. B. Zim- merman and B. H. Pheiffer 67
Left-handed DNA Helices, Supercoiling, and the B-Z Junction R. D. Wells, R. Brennan, K. A. Chapman, T. C. Goodman, P. A. Hart, W. Hillen, D. R. Kellogg, M. W. Kilpatrick, R.. D. Klein, J. Klysik, P. F. Lambert, J. E. Larson, J. J. Miglietta, S. K. Neuendorf, T. R.. O'Connor, C. K. Singleton, S. M. Stirdivant, C. M. Veneziale, R. M. Wartell, and W. Zacharias 77
DNA Supercoiing and Its Effects on DNA Structure and Function J. C. Wang, L. J. Peck, and K. Becherer 85
Supercoiing and Left-handed Z-DNA A. Nordheim, L. J. Peck, E. M. Lafer, B. D. Stollar, J. C. Wang, and A. Rich 93
Dynamic, Sequence-dependent DNA Structures as Exemplified by Cruciform Extrusion from Inverted Repeats in Negatively Supercoiled DNA D. M. J. Lilley 101
Salt-induced Transition between Two Double-helical Forms of Oligo(dC-dG) F. M. Pohl 113
DNA Formed by Reassociation of Complementary Single-stranded Circles from Natural DNA Is Shown to Contain Left- and Right-handed Double Helices S. Brahms, J. Vergne, J. G. Brahms, E. DiCapua, P. Bucker, and T. Koller 119
Transitions Induced by Metal Complexes among Several Forms of DNA G. L. Eichhorn, Y. A. Shin, and J. J. Butzow 125
Alternative Description of the Transition between B-DNA and Z-DNA R. C. Hopkins 129
Electron Microscopy of "Z-DNA" H. Castleman and B. F. Erlanger 133
Generation of Left-handed Z-DNA in Solution and Visualization in Polytene Chromosomes by Immunofluorescence T. M. Jovin, J. H. van de Sande, D. A. Zarling, D. J. Arndt- Jovin, F. Eckstein, H. H. Füldner, C. Greider, I. Grieger, E. Hamori, B. Kalisch, L.P. McIntosh, and M. Robert-Nicoud 143
Antibody Recognition of Z-DNA E. M. Lafer, A. Möller, R. P. C. Valle, A. Nordheim, A. Rich, and B. D. Stollar 155
Interactions between Nucleic Acids and Antibodies to Z-DNA M. Leng, B. Hartmann, B. Malfoy, J. Pilet, J. Ramstein, and E. Sage 163
Z-DNA and the Polytene Chromosome M. L. Pardue, A. Nordheim, E. M. Lafer, B. D. Stollar, and A. Rich 171
Conformational Analysis
Dynamic Behaviors of DNA Molecules in Solution Studied by Fluorescence Microscopy M. Yanagida, Y Hiraoka, and I. Katsura 177
New Techniques for Purifying Large DNAs and Studying Their Properties and Packaging D. C. Schwartz, W Saffran, J. Welsh, R. Haas, M. Goldenberg, and C. R. Cantor 189
NMR Studies of DNA Conformation and Dynamics in Solution D. J. Patel, S. A.. Kozlowski, S. Ikuta, K. Itakura, R. Bhatt, and D. R. Hare 197
Application of Multiple-pulse ¹H-NMR Techniques to the Study of Two Synthetic DNA Decamers J. Feigon, J. M. Wright, W. A. Denny, W. Leupin, and D. R. Kearns 207
Statistical Mechanical Analysis of Competing Conformational Transitions in Superhelical DNA C. J. Benham 219
Theoretical Probes of DNA Conformation Examining the B?Z Conformational Transition W. K. Olson, A. R. Srinivasan, N. L. Marky, and V. N. Balaji 229
Cooperative Transitions in DNA with No Separation of Strands V. I. Ivanov, L. E. Minchenkova, F. E. Minyat, and A. K. Schyolkina 243
Computer Simulation of DNA Double-helix Dynamics M. Levitt 251
Transmission of Long-range Effects in DNA D. M. Crothers and M. Fried 263
Sequence-dependent Variations of B-DNA Structure and Protein-DNA Recognition E. N. Trifonov 271
A Bent Helix in Kinetoplast DNA J. C. Marini, S. D. Levene, D. M. Crothers, and P. T. Englund 279
Helical Periodicity of DNA On and Off the Nucleosome as Probed by Nucleases A. Klug, L. C. Lutter, and D. Rhodes 285
Chemically Modified DNA
b-Kinked DNA-a Structure That Gives Rise to Drug Intercalation and DNA Breathing-and Its Wider Significance in Determining the Premelting and Melting Behavior of DNA H. M. Sobell, T. D. Sakore, S. C. Jam, A. Banerjee, K. K. Bhandary, B. S. Reddy, and E. D. Lozansky 293
Some New Aspects of Actinomycin D-Nucleic Acid Binding F. Takusagawa and H. M. Berman 315
Netropsin Increases the Linking Number of DNA A. D. B. Malcolm and G. Snounou 323
Interactions of Aflatoxin B, and Alkylating Agents with DNA: Structural and Functional Studies J. M. Essigmann, C. L Green, R. G. Croy, K.. W. Fowler, G. H. Büchi, and G. N. Wogan 327
Carcinogens Can Induce Alternate Conformations in Nucleic Acid Structure R.M. Santella, D. Grunberger, and I. B. Weinstein 339
Footprinting with MPE·Fe(II). Complementary-strand Analyses of Distamycin- and Actinomycin-binding Sites on Heterogeneous DNA M. W. Van Dyke and P. B. Dervan 347
Ethidium Bromide Alters the Binding Mode of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) to pBR322 DNA C. M. Merkel and S. J. Lippard 355
Sharp Kink of DNA at Psoralen-cross-link Site Deduced from Crystal Structure of Psoralen- Thymine Monoadduct S.-H. Kim, S. Peckler, B. Graves, D. Kanne, H. Rapoport, and J. E. Hearst 361
Synthetic Sequence-specific Ligands G. V. Gursky, A. S. Zasedateley, A. L. Zhuze, A. A. Khorlin, S. L. Grokhovsky, S. A. Streltsov, A. N. Surovaya, S. M. Nikitin, A. S. Krylov, V. O. Retchinsky, M. V. Mikhailov, R. S. Beabealashvili, and B. P. Gottikh 367
Altered Structure of Ultraviolet-irradiated DNA: Evidence for Unwinding H. J. Edenberg 379
Chemical Synthesis of DNA
Solid-phase Synthesis of Polynucleotides. VIII. A Simplified Synthesis of Oligodeoxy- ribonucleotides Z -K. Tan, S. Ikuta, T. Haung, A. Dugaiczyk, and K. Itakura 383
Continuous-flow Phosphotriester Method for Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleo- tides M. J. Gait, H. W. D. Matthes, M. Singh, B. S. Sproat, and R. Titmas 393
Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Synthetic DNA Fragments J. H. van Boom, G. A. van der Marel, H. Westerink, C. A. A. van Boeckel, J. -R. Mellema, C. Altona, C. W. Hilbers, C. A. G. Haasnoot, S. H. de Bruin, and R. G. Berendsen 403
Chemical Synthesis and Biological Studies on Mutated Gene-control Regions M. H. Caruthers, S. I. Beaucage, J. W. Efcavitch, E. F. Fisher, R.. A.. Goldman, P. L. deHaseth, W. Mandecki, M. D. Matteucci, M. S. Rosendahl, and Y. Stabinsky 411
DNA-Protein Interactions
Catabolite Gene Activator Protein: Structure, Homology with Other Proteins, and Cyclic AMP and DNA Binding T. A. Steitz, I. T. Weber, and J. B. Matthew 419
Cro Repressor Protein and Its Interaction with DNA B. W. Matthews, D. H. Ohlendorf, W. F. Anderson, R. G. Fisher, and Y. Takeda 427
Structure of the Operator-binding Domain of Bacteriophage l Repressor: Implications for DNA Recognition and Gene Regulation M. Lewis, A. Jeffrey, J. Wang, R. Ladner, M. Ptashne, and C. O. Pabo 435
Mutations Defining the Operator-binding Sites of Bacteriophage l Repressor H. C. M. Nel- son, M. H. Hecht, and R. T. Sauer 441
Direct Measurement of DNA Unwinding Angle in Specific Interaction between lac Operator and Repressor R. Kim and S.-H. Kim 451
Size of the Unwound Region of DNA in Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase and Calf Thymus RNA Polymerase II Ternary Complexes H. B. Gamper and J. E. Hearst 455
Ion Effects on the Aggregation and DNA-binding Reactions of Escherichia coli RNA Poly- merase S. L Shaner, P. Melan~on, K. S. Lee, R. R. Burgess, and M. T. Record, Jr 463
In Vivo Expression of lac Promoter Variants with Altered -10, -35, and Spacer Sequences J. W. Ackerson and J. D. Gralla 473
DNA Determinants of Promoter Selectivity in Escherichia coli W. R. McClure, D. K. Hawley, P. Youderian, and M. M. Susskind 477
Protein Blotting as a Means of Detecting Sequence-specific DNA-binding Proteins R. S. Jack, M. T. Brown, and W. I. Gehring 483
DNA within Nucleosomes
Studies of Nucbeosome Structure T. J. Richmond, J. T. Finch, and A. Klug 493
Structure of Nucleosomes, Chromatin, and RNA Polymerase-Promoter Complex as Re- vealed by DNA-Protein Cross-linking A. D. Mirzabekov, S. G. Bavykin, V. L Karpov, O. V. Preobrazhenskaya, K. K. Ebralidze, V. M. Tuneev, A. F. Melnikova, F. G. Goguadze, A. A. Chenchick, and R. S. Beabealashvili 503
Cellular and SV40 Chromatin: Replication, Segregation, Ubiquitination, Nuclease-hyper- sensitive Sites, HMG-containing Nucleosomes, and Heterochromatin-specific Protein A. Varshavsky, L. Levinger, O. Sundin, J. Barsoum, E. Özkaynak, P. Swerdlow, and D. Finley 511
Cleavage Reagents as Probes of DNA Sequence Organization and Chromatin Structure: Drosophila melanogaster Locus 67B1 S. C. R. Elgin, I. L Cartwright, G. Fleischmann, K Lowenhaupt, and M. A. Keene 529
Expression of the Mouse Metallothionein-I Gene Alters the Nuclease Hypersensitivity of Its 5' Regulatory Region A. W. Senear and R. D. Palmiter 539
Properties of the Chromatin Assembled on DNA Injected into Xenopus Oocytes and Eggs G. Gargiulo, W Wasserman, and A. Worcel 549
Model for the Structure of the Active Nucloolar Chromatin P. Labbort, P. Ness, E. Banz, R. Parish, and T. Koller 557
SV40 Morphogenesis M. Bina, V. Blasquez, S.-C. Ng, and S. Beecher 565
Nucleosome-core Assembly on B and Z Forms of Polytd(G-m5C)] F. D. Miller, J. B. Rattner, and J. H. van de Sande 571
Part 2
DNA Methylation
Methylation and Chromatin Structure G. Felsenfeld, J. Nickol, M. Behe, J. McGhee, and D. Jackson 577
Coupled Demethylation of Sites in a Conserved Sequence of Xenopus Ribosomal DNA A. La Volpe, M. Taggart, D. Macleod, and A Bird 585
DNA Methylation and Gene Activity: The Adenovirus System as a Model W. Doerfler I. Kruczek, D. Eick, L. Vardimon, and B. Kron 593
Effect of DNA Methylationon Gene Expression H. Cedar, R. Stein, Y. Gruenbaum, T. Naveh-Many, N. Sciaky-Gallili, and A. Razin 605
Retroviruses and Embryogenesis: De Novo Methylation Activity Invovled in Gene Epression D. Jähner, C. L. Stewart, H. Stuhlmann, K. Harbers, R. Jaenisch 611
Implications for X-Chromosome Regulation from Studies of Human X Chromosome S. F. Wolfe and B. R. Midgeon 621
DNA Methylation and Control of Gene Expression on the Human X Chromosome L.J. Sharpiro and T. Mohandas 631
Methylation Regulates the Expression of a DNA-modification Function Encoded by Bacteriopage Mu R. Kahnmann 639
Regulation of the DNA-modification Function of Bacteriopage Mu S. Hattman, M. Goradia, and c. Monoghan, and A. I. Bukhari 647
DNA Replication
Studies on DNA Replication in the Bacteriopage T4 In Vitro System B. M. Alberts, J. Barry, P. Bedinger, T. Formosa, C. V. Jongeneel, and K.N. Kreuzer 655
Mechanisms for the Initiation of Bacteriopage T7 DNA Replication C.W. Fuller, B. B. Beauchamp, M. J. Engler, R. L. Lechner, S. W. Matson, S. Tabor, J. H. White, and C.C. Richardson 669
Replication of Bacterioopage l DNA T. Tsurimoto and K. Matsubara 681
Enzymatic Recognition of DNA Replication Origins M. M. Stayton, L. Betsch, S. Biswas, P. Burgers, N. Dixon, J. E. Flynn, Jr., R. Fuller, J. Kaguni, J. Kobori, M. KOdaira, R. Low, and A. Kornberg 693
DNA Structures Required for f X174 A Protien-directed Initiation and Termination of DNA Replication D. R. Brown, D. Reinberg, T. Schmidt-Glenewinkel, M. Roth, S. L. Zipursky, and J. Hurwotz 701
Signals for the Initation and Termination of Synthesis of the Viral Strand of Bacteriopage f1 G. P. Dotto, K. Horiuchi, K. S. Jakes, and N. D. Zinder 717
Structure and Replication of Vaccina Virus Telomers B. M. Baroudy, S. Venkateson, and B. Moss 723
Isolation of Proteins Involved in the Replication of Adenoviral DNA IN Vitro J.H. Lichy, K. Nagata, B. R. Friefeld, T. Enomoto, J. Field, R. A. Guggenheimer, J.-E. Ikeda, M.S. Horowitz, and J. Hurwitz 731
Adenovirus DNA Replication: DNA Sequences and Enzymes Required for Initiation In Vitro B. W. Stillman and F. Tamanoi 741
Structure and Replication of Minute Virus of Mice DNA C. R. Astell, M. Thomson, M. B. Chow, and D. C. Ward 751
Gyrases and Topoisomerases
Regulation of DNA Supercoiling in Escherichia coli M. Gellert, R. Menzel, K. Mizuuchi, M.H. O'Dea, and D.I. Friedman 763
Escherichia coli Type 1- Topoisomerases: Identification, Mechanism, and Role in Recombina- tion F. Dean, M. A. Krasnov, R. Otter, M. M. Matzuk, S. J. Spengler, and N.R. Cozzarelli 769
Escherichia coli DNA Topoisomerase I Mutants Have Compensatory Mutations at or near DNA Gyrase Genes S. DiNardo, K. A. Voelkel, R. Sternglaz, A. E. Reynolds, and A. Wright 779
Loss of DNA Topoisomerase I Activity Alters Many Cellular Functions in Salmonella typhimurium K. M. Overbye, S. K. Basu, and P. Margolin 785
DNA Supercoiling: Changes during Cellular Differentiation and Activation of Chromatin Transcription A. N. Lachnik, V. V. Bakayev, and V. M. Glaser 793
Recombining and Mutating DNA
DNA Strand Exchange Promoted by recA Protein and Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein of Escherichia coli M. M. Cox, D. A. Sofris, Z. Lwneh, and I. R. Lehman 803
Unwinding of Duplex DNA in Complexes with recA Protein A. Stasiak, E. DiCapua, and T Kolle 811
Three Phases in Homologous Pairing: Polymerization of recA Protein on Single-stranded DNA, Synapsis, and Polar Strand Exchange C. M. Radding, J. Flory, A. Wu, R. Kahn, C. DasGupta, D. Gonda, M. Bianchi, and S.S. Tsang 821
Homologous Association of Chromosomal DNA during Yeast Meiosis L. R. Bell and B. Byers 829
Analysis of Spontaneous Deletions and Gene Amplification in the bc Region of Escherichia coli A. M. Albertini, M. Hofer, M. P. Cabs, T. D. Tlsty, and J. H. Miller 841
Unique SeIf-complementarity of Palindromic Sequences Provides DNA Structural Inter- mediates for Mutation L. S. Ripley and B. W. Glickman 851
A Directed-mutagenesis Method for the Analysis of Ultraviolet-induced Mutagenesis Z. Livneh 863
Transcription of DNA and Its Regulation
RNA p
Evidence for Two Functional Regions in the Xenopus laevis olymerase I Promoter R. H. Reeder, J. Wilkinson, A. Bakken, G. Morgan, S. J. Busby, J. Roan, and B. Sollner- Webb 867
DNA Conformation and Transcription Initiation of Eukaryotic tRNA Genes R. A. Hipskind, A. Mazabraud, J. Corlet, and S. G. Clarkson 873
Developmental Regulation of Xenopus 5S RNA Genes W. M. Wormington, M. Schlissel, and D. D. Brown 879
Role of tRNA Gene Structure in Transcription and Processing G. P. Tocchini-Valentini, E. Mattoccia, M. I. Baldi, R. Ogden, and G. Pande 885
Small Ribonucleoproteins from Eukaryotes: Structures and Roles in RNA Biogenesis J.A. Steitz, S. L. Wolin, J. Rinke, I. Pettersson, S. M. Mount, E. A. Lerner, M. Hinterberger, and E. Gattlieb 893
Promoter Elements, Regulatory Elements, and Chromatin Structure of the Yeast his3 Gene K. Struhl 901
Analysis of the Transcriptional Enhancer Effect J. de Villiers, L. Olson, J. Banerji, and W. Schaffiuer 911
Potentiator Effect of the SV40 72-bp Repeat on Initiation of Transcription from Heterologous Promoter Elements B. Wasylyk and P. Chambon 921
Structure and Function of the Promoter-Enhancer Region of Polyoma and SV40 S. Cereghini, P. Herbomel, J. Jouanneau, S. Saragosti, M. Katinka, B. Bourachot, B. de Crombrugghe, and M. Yaniv 935
Constitutive Transcriptional Control Signals of the Herpes Simplex Virus tk Gene S. L. McKnight 945
Appendix: Transcription of Circular and Linear DNA in Amphibian Oocytes R. M. Harland, H. Weintraub, and S. L McKnight 958
Interaction of Eukaryotic Class-B Transcription Factors and Chick Progesterone-Receptor Complex with Conalbumin Promoter Sequences B. L. Davison, E. R. Mulvihill, J. M. Egly, andP. Chambon 965
Biological Activity of Cloned Mammary Tumor Virus DNA Fragments That Bind Purified Glucocorticoid Receptor Protein In Vitro K. R. Yamamoto, F. Payvar, G. L. Firestone, B. A. Maler, O. Wrange, J. Carlstedt-Duke, J.Å Gustafsson, and V. L Chandler 977
DNA Sequences Required for Hormonal Induction of Rat a-globulin Genes D. T. Kurtz, L McCullough, D. K Bishop, and M. M. Manos 985
Sites Required for Position-Effect Regulation of Mating-type Information in Yeast J. Abraham, J. Feldman, K. A. Nasmyth, J. N. Strathern, A. J. S. KIar, J. R. Broach, and J. B. Hicks 989
The Organization of Genes along DNA
Organization and Expression of Bacteriophage T7 DNA F. W Studier and J. J. Dunn 999
Features of Bacteriophage l: Analysis of the Complete Nuclootide Sequence D. L. Daniels, F. Sanger, and A. R. Coulson 1009
Information Content of the Adenovirus-2 Genome R. J. Roberts, D. Sciaky, R. E. Gelinas, B. -D. hang, C. E. Yen, M. M. Kelly, P. A. Bullock, B. L. Parsons, K. E. O'Neill, and T. R. Gingeras 1025
Procollagen Genes: Further Sequence Studies and Interspecies Comparisons V. Tate, M. Finer, H. Boedtker, and P. Doty 1039
Genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex L. Hood, M. Steinmetz, R. Goodenow, K. Eakle, D. Fisher, J. Kobori, B. Malissen, M. Malissen, M. McMillan, J. McNicholas, A. Örn, M. Pecht, B. T. Sher, L. Smith, I. Stroynowski, H. Sun, A. Winoto, and M. Zuniga 1051
Structure and Expression of the Human Globin Genes and Murine Histocompatability Antigen Genes R. A. Flavell, F. Grosveld, M. Busslinger, E. de Boer, D. Kioussis, A. L. Mellor, L. Golden, E. Weiss, J. Hurst, H. Bud, H. Bullman, E. Simpson, R. James, A. R. M. Townsend, P. M. Taylor, W. Schmidt, J. Ferluga, L. Leben, M. Santamaria, G. Affield, and H. Festenstein 1067
Sequences of Human Repetitive DNA, Non-a-globin Genes, and Major Histocompatibility Locus Genes I. Repeated-sequence DNA Y. Fukumaki, F. Collins, R. Kole, C. J. Stoeckert, Jr., P. Jagadeeswaran, C. H. Duncan, and S. M. Weissman 1079
II. Sequences of Non-a-globin Genes in Man P. Jagadeeswaran, J. Pan, B. G. Forget, and S. M. Weissman 1081
III. The Major Histocompatibility Complex P. A. Biro, J. Pan, A. K. Sood, R. Kole, V. B. Reddy, and S. M. Weissman 1082
Codon Usage and Transfer RNA Contents: Organism-specific Codon-choice Patterns in Reference to the Isoacceptor Contents T. Ikemura and H. Ozeki 1087
From Primeval Message to Present-day Gene J. C. W Shepherd 1099
Repetitive DNA and Pseudogenes
Dispersed Repetitive Sequences in Eukaryotic Genomes and Their Possible Biological Significance G. P. Georgiev, D. A. Kramerov, A. P. Ryskov, K. G. Skryabin, and F. M. Lukanidin 1109
The Mammalian Alu Family of Dispersed Repeats W R. Jelinek and S. R. Haynes 1123
Alu Family Members in the Human a-like Globin-gene Cluster G. M. Fox, J. F. Hess, C. -K. J. Shen, and C.W. Schmid 1131
Genome Alteration during In Vitro and In Vivo Aging: Amplification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Molecules Containing a Chromosomal Sequence of Variable Repeat Fre- quency R. J. Shmookler Reis, C. K. Lumpkin, Jr., 1. R. McGill, K. T. Riabowol, and S. Goldstein 1135
Either Gene Amplification or Gene Conversion May Maintain the Homogeneity of the Multigene Family Encoding Human Ul Small Nuclear RNA A. M. Weiner and R. A. Denison 1141
Sites of Divergence in the Sequence of a Complex Satellite DNA and Several Cloned Variants D. M. Skinner, V. Bonnewell, and R. F. Fowler 1151
DNA Structures: The Fourth Approach to Comparative Biology T. J. M. Schopf 1159
Origins of Replication, Centromeres, and Telomeres
Localization and Sequence Analysis of Yeast Origins of DNA Replication J. R. Broach, Y-Y Li, J. Feldman, M. Jayaram, J. Abraham, K. A. Nasmyth, andi. B. Hicks 1165
Structural Analysis and Sequence Organization of Yeast Centromeres K. S. Bloom, M. Fitzgerald-Hayes, and J. Carbon 1175
Replication and Resolution in Telomeres in Yeast J. W. Szostak 1187
DNA Termini in Ciliate Macronuclei E. H. Blackburn, M. L. Budarf, P. B. Challoner, J. M. Cherry, E. A. Howard, A. L Katzen, W. -C. Pan, and T. Ryan 1195
Chromosomal Structure and Arrangement of Repeated DNA Sequences in the Telomeric Heterochromatin of Secale cereale and Its Relatives J. D. G. Jones and R. B. Flavell 1209
Summary
Structures of DNA A. KIug 1215
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