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 XLV: Movable Genetic Elements 1980 |
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From left: Dr. Barbara McClintock, Dr. Ira Herskowitz  SYMPOSIUM SYNOPSIS LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTENTS OF SYMPOSIUM VOLUME PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED VOLUME  |
Movable Genetic Elements
Symposium Volume XLV Contents
Part 1
Symposium Participants v
Foreword xiii
Introduction
Some General Questions about Movable Elements and Their Implications A. Campbell 1
Inversion Elements in Bacteria
Trans-acting Genes of Bacteriophages P1 and Mu Mediate Inversion of a Specific DNA Segment Involved in Flagellar Phase Variation of Salmonella T. Iino and K Kut- sukake 11
Analysis of the Functional Components of the Phase Variation System M. Silverman, J. Zieg, G. Mandel, and M. Simon 17
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: General Properties
Genesis and Natural History of IS-mediated Transposons S. Iida, J. Meyer, and W. Arber 27
Appendix I: Spontaneous Mutations in the Escherichia coli Propage P1 and IS-me- diated Processes W. Arber, M. Hümbelin, P. Caspers, H. J. Reif S. Iida, and J. Meyer 38
Appendix II: Analysis of Transposition of IS1-kan and Its Relatives H. J. Reif and W. Arber 40
Transposons Encoding Trunethoprim or Gentamicin Resistance in Medically Important Bacteria N. Datta, M. Nugent, and H. Richards 45
A Study of the Dissemination of Tn1681: A Bacterial Transposon Encoding a Heat-sta- ble Toxin among Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolates M. So, R. Atchison, S. Falkow, S. Moseley, and B. J. McCarthy 53
Basis of Transposition and Gene Amplification by Tn1721 and Related Tetracycline-re- sistance Transposons R. Schmitt, J. Altenbuchner, K Wiebauer, W. Arnold, A. Pühler, and F. Schöffi 59
Appendix: Transposons Tn50l and Tn1721 Are Closely Related C. -L. Choi, J. Grinsted, J. Altenbuchner, A Schmitt, and M. H. Richmond 64
Hitchhiking Transposons and Other Mobile Genetic Elements and Site-specific Recoin- bination Systems in Staphylococcus aureus R. P. Novick, S. A. Khan, E. Murphy, S. Iordanescu, I. Edelman, J. Krolewski, and M. Rush 67
Evidence for Conjugal Transfer of a Streptococcus faecalis Transposon (Tn916) from a Chromosomal Site in the Absence of Plasmid DNA A. F. Franke and D. B. Clewell 77
Inverted-repeat Nucleotide Sequences in Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentus P. Nisen and L. Shapiro 81
ISR1: An Insertion Element Isolated from the Soil Bacterium Rhizobium lupini U. B. Priefer, H. J. Burkardt, W. Klipp, and A. Pühler 87
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Structure and Function
IS1-mediated DNA Rearrangements H. Saedler, G. Cornelis, J. Cullum, B. Schumacher, and H. Sommer 93
Genetic Organization of Tn5 S. J. Rothstein, R. A. Jorgensen, J. C. -P. Yin, Z. Yong-di, R. C. Johnson, and W. S. Reznikoff 99
Structural Analysis of Tn5 E. -A. Auerswald and H. Schaller 107
Insertion, Excision, and Inversion of Tn5 D. E. Berg, C. Egner, B. J. Hirschel, J. Howard, L. Johnsrud, R. A. Jorgensen, and T. D. Tlsty 115
Analysis of the Structure and Function of the Kanamycin-resistance Transposon Tn903 N. D. F. Grindley and C. M. Joyce 125
Identification of a Sex-factor-affinity Site in E. coli as gd M. S. Guyer, R. A. Reed, J. A. Steitz, and K B. Low 135
Internal Rearrangements of IS2 in Escherichia coli A. Ahmed, K Bidwell, and R. Musso 141
Activation of Gene Expression by IS2 and IS3 N. Glansdorff, D. Charlier, and M. Za- farullah 153
IS1-promoted Events Associated with Drug-resistance Plasmids M. Chandler, M. Cler- get, and L. Caro 157
Intramolecular Transposition of a b-Lactamase Sequence and Related Genetic Re- arrangements R. C. Clowes, P. L. Holmans, and S. J. Chiang 167
Detection of Replicational Inceptor Signals in IS5 M. Lusky, M. Kröger, and G. Hobom 173
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Factors Affecting Transposition Genes Are Things You Have Whether You Want Them or Not C. Sapienza and W. F. Doolittle 177
Transposition Immunity L. J. Wallace, J. M. Ward, P. M. Bennett, M. K. Robinson, and M. H. Richmond 183
Regulation of Tn5 Transposition D. Biek and J. R. Roth 189
Mutants of Escherichia coli Affected in the Processes of Transposition and Genomic Rearrangements G. B. Smirnov, T. S. Ilyina, Y. M. Romanova, A. P. Markov, and E. V. Nechaeva 193
Isolation of a polA Mutation That Affects Transposition of Insertion Sequences and Transposons M. B. Clements and M. Syvanen 201
Substitution of Silent Bacterial Genes by a Bacteriophage l Variant Carrying IS1 E. Olson, P. Tomich, C. Parsons, K Leason, D. Jackson, and D. Friedman 205
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Mechanism of Transposition Studies on Transposition Mechanisms and Specificity of IS4 R. Klaer, S. Kuhn, H. -J. Fritz, E. Tillmann, I. Saint-Girons, P. Habermann, D. Pfe!fer, and P. Starlinger 215
Genetic Organization of Tn l0 and Analysis of Tn l0-associated Excision Events N. Kleckner, T. J. Foster, M. A. Davis, S. Hanley- Way, S. M. HaIling, V. Lundblad, and K Takeshita 225
Recombination Involving Transposable Elements: On Replicon Fusion C. J. Muster and J. A. Shapiro 239
Genetic and Sequencing Studies of the Specificity of Transposition into the lac Region of E. coli J. H. Miller, M. P. Cabs, and D. J. Galas 243
Tn3 Encodes a Site-specific Recombination System: Identification of Essential Se- quences, Genes, and the Actual Site of Recombination F. Heifron, R. Kostriken, C. Morita, and R. Parker 259
Tn3: Transposition and Control M. J. Casadaban, J. Chou, P. Lemaux, C. -P. D. Tu, and S. N. Cohen 269
Transposon-specilled, Site-specific Recombination Systems D. Sherratt, A. Arthur, and M. Burke 275
Mechanism of Insertion and Cointegration Mediated by IS1 and Tn3 E. Ohtsubo, M. Zenilman, H. Ohtsubo, M. McCormick, C. Machida, and Y. Machida 283
Site-specific Recombination and Its Role in the Life Cycle of Bacteriophage P1 N. Steinberg, D. Hamilton, S. Austin, M. Yarmolinsky, and A Hoess 297
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Mechanisms of Mu Transposition
Mechanism of Bacteriophage Mu DNA Transposition G. Chaconas, R. M. Harshey, M. Sarvetnick, and A. I. Bukhari 311
Appendix: A Model for Mu Transposition R. M. Harshey and A. I. Bukhari 319
Transposition Studies Using a ColE 1 Derivative Carrying Bacteriophage Mu A. Coelho, D. Leach, S. Maynard-Smith, and N. Symonds 323
Two Pathways in Bacteriophage Mu Transposition? D. Kamp and R. Kahmann 329
Transposition of Bacteriophage Mu: Properties of l Phages Containing Both Ends of Mu M. M. Howe and J. W. Schumm 337
Regulation of Integration and Replication Functions of Bacteriophage Mu P. van de Putte, M. Giphart-Gassler, N. Goosen, T. Goosen, and E. van Leerdam 347
Genetic Study of Mu Transposition and Mu-mediated Chromosomal Rearrange- ments L. Desmet, M. Faelen, N. Lefèbvre, A. Résibois, A. Toussaint, and F. van segem 355
Specificity of Bacteriophage Mu Integration into DNAs of Different Origins E. Piru- zian, V. Andrianov, M. Mogutov, E. Krivtsova, V. Yuzeeva, A. Vetoshkin, and N. Kobets 365
Biochemistry of Recombination
Genome Fusion H. Potter and D. Dressier 371
Kinetics and Topology of Homologous Pairing Promoted by Escherichia coli recA- gene Protein C. M. Radding, T. Shibata, C. DasGupta, R. P. Cunningham, and L. Osber 385
DNA Gyrase: Site-specific Interactions and Transient Double-strand Breakage of DNA M. Gellert, L. M. Fisher, H. Ohmori, M. H. O'Dea, and K Mizuuchi 391
In Vitro Study of Illegitimate Recombination: Involvement of DNA Gyrase H. Ikeda, K Moriya, and T. Matsumoto 399
Instability of Palindromic DNA in Escherichia coli J. Collins 409
Strand Exchange in l Integrative Recombination: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Models H. A. Nash, K Mizuuchi, L. W. Enquist, and R. A. Weisberg 417
Structure and Function of the Phage l att Site: Size, Int-binding Sites, and Location of the Crossover Point K Mizuuchi, R. Weisberg, L. Enquist, M. Mizuuchi, M. Burac- zynska, C. Foeller, P. L. Hsu, W. Ross, and A. Landy 429
Regulation of the Integration-Excision Reaction by Bacteriophage l H. I. Miller, J. Abraham, M. Benedik, A. Campbell, D. Court, H. Echols, R. Fischer, J. M. Galindo, G. Guarneros, T. Hernandez, D. Mascarenhas, C. Montanez, D. Schindler, U. Schmeissner, and L. Sosa 439
Part 2
Genetic Instability in Plant Systems
Instability among the Components of a Regulatory Element Transposon in Maize P. A. Peterson 447
Regulation of the Enzyme UFGT by the Controlling Element Ds in bz-m4, an Unstable Mutant in Maize H. K. Dooner 457
Detection of Changes in Maize DNA at the Shrunken Locus Due to the Intervention of Ds Elements B. Burr and F A. Burr 463
Controlling Elements at the Opaque-2 Locus of Maize: Their Involvement in the Origin of Spontaneous Mutation F Salamini 467
The Role of Controlling Elements in the Instability of Flower Color in Antirrhinum majus and Impatiens balsamina G. R. K. Sastry, K. M. Aslam, and V. Jeffries 477
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Nitrogen-fixation (nif) Genes M. Ausubel and F. C. Cannon 487
Appendix: Molecular Genetics of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation G. B. Ruvkun, S. R. Long, H. M. Meade, and F. M. Ausubel 493
Nucleotide Sequence Organization in Plant Chromosomes and Evidence for Sequence Translocation during Evolution A. B. Flavell, M. O'Dell, and J. Hutchinson 501
Genetic Instability in Ascobolus immersus: Modalities of Back-mutations, Intragenic Mapping of Unstable Sites, and Unstable Insertion. Preliminary Biochemical Data B. Decaris, F. Francou, A. Kouassi, C. Lefort, and G. Rizet 509
Transposable Elements in Drosophilia and Yeast
A Novel Dominant Mutant Allele at the white Locus of Drosophila melanogaster is Muta ble P. M. Bingham 519
Derivation-dependent Distribution of Insertion Sites for a Drosophila Transposon G. Ising and K. Block 527
Transpositions, Mutable Genes, and the Dispersed Gene Family Dm225 in Drosophila melanogaster B. Rasmuson, B. M. Westerberg, A. Rasmuson, V. A. Gvozdev, E. S. Belyaeva, and Y. V. Ilyin 545
Site-specific Intrachromosomal Rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster: Cytogenetic Evidence for Transposable Elements J. K Lim 553
Hybrid Dysgenesis in Drosophila and the Stochastic Loss Hypothesis W. R.. Engels 561
Transposable Elements Involving the his4 Region of Yeast H. Greer, M. Igo, and F. de Bruijn 567
Transposable Elements (Ty) in Yeast G. Fink, P. Farabaugh, G. Roeder, and D. Cha- leff 575
Studies on the Transposable Element Ty1 of Yeast I. RNA Homologous to Ty1A T. Elder, T. P. St. John, D. T. Stinchcomb, and R.. W. Davis 581
II. Recombination and Expression of Ty1 and Adjacent Sequences S. Scherer and R. W. Davis 584
Studies on Transposable Elements in Yeast I. ROAM Mutations Causing Increased Expression of Yeast Genes: Their Activation by Signals Directed toward Conjugation Functions and Their Formation by Inser- tion of Tyl Repetitive Elements B. Errede, T. S. Cardillo, G. Wever, and F. Sher- man 593
II. Deletions, Duplications, and Transpositions of the COR Segment that Encom- passes the Structural Gene of Yeast Iso- l-cytochrome c J. I. Stiles, L. R. Friedman, and F. Sherman 602
Dispersed Movable Sequences
Characterization of the Yeast Mobile Element Ty1 H. Eibel, J. Gafner, A. Stotz, and P. Philippsen 609
copia-like Transposable Elements in the Drosophila Genome G. M. Rubin, W J. Brorein, Jr., P. Dunsmuir, A. J. Flavell, A Levis, E. Strobel, J. I. Toole, and F. Young 619
Nomadic Gene Families in Drosophila M. W. Young and H. F. Schwartz 629
Mobile Dispersed Genetic Elements and Other Middle Repetitive DNA Sequences in the Genomes of Drosophila and Mouse: Transcription and Biological Signifi- cance G. P. Georgiev, Y. V. Ilyin, V. G. Chmeliauskaite, A. P. Ryskov, D. A. Kra- merov, K. G. Skryabin, A. S. Krayev, E. M. Lukanidin, and M. S. Grigoryan 641
General Properties of Mobile Dispersed Genetic Elements in Drosophila melano gas- ter N. A. Tchurikov, Y. V Ilyin, K G. Skryabin, E. V. Ananiev, A. A. Bayev, Jr., A. S. Krayev, E. S. Zelentsova, V. V. Kulguskin, N. V. Lyubomirskaya, and G. P. Georgiev 655
Structure and Expression of Ribosomal RNA Genes of Drosophila melanogaster Inter- rupted by Type-2 Insertions E. O. Long, M. L. Rebbert, and I. B. Dawid 667
Selection and Transposition of Mobile Dispersed Genes in Drosophila melano gas- ter V. A. Gvozdev, E. S. Belyaeva, Y. V Ilyin, I. S. Amosova, and L. Z. Katdanov 673
Retroviruses as Insertion Elements
Integration and Activity of Mammary Tumor Virus Genes: Regulation by Hormone Re- ceptors and Chromosomal Position K. A Yamamoto, V. L. Chandler, S. R. Ross, D. S. Ucker, J. C. Ring, and S. C. Feinstein 687
The Long Terminal Repeat of Moloney Sarcoma Provirus W. L. McClements, R.. Dhar, D. G. Blair, L. Enquist, M. Oskarsson, and G. F. Vande Woude 699
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Is a Transposon: Nucleotide Sequence Analysis Iden- tifies Genes and Replication Details J. G. Sutcliffe, T. M. Shinnick, and R. A.. Lerner 707
Structure of Cloned Retroviral Circular DNAs: Implications for Viral Integration C. Shoemaker, S. Goff, E. Gilboa, M. Paskind, S. W. Mitra, and D. Baltimore 731
Evolution of Retroviruses from Cellular Movable Genetic Elements K Shimotohno and H. M. Temin 719
DNA Intermediates in the Replication of Retroviruses Are Structurally (and Perhaps Functionally) Related to Transposable Elements J. E. Majors, R. Swanstrom, W. J. DeLorbe, U. S. Payne, S. H. Hughes, S. Ortiz, N. Quintrell, J. M. Bishop, and H. E. Varmus 731
Structural Analogies among Avian Retroviral DNAs and Transposable Elements A. Skalka, G. Ju, F. Hishinuma, P. J. DeBona, and S. Astrin 739
Genomic Rearrangements and Tumor-forming Potential in SV40-transformed Mouse Cell Line and Its Hybrid and Cybrid Progeny R. Sager, A. Anisowicz, and N. Howell 747
Organization of Genes
Evidence for the Involvement of Recombination and Amplification Events in the Evolu tion of Secale Chromosomes J. Bedbrook, J. Jones, and R. Flavell 755
The Organization of Repetitive Sequences in Mammalian Globin Gene Clusters E. F. Fritsch, C. K. J. Shen, R. M. Lawn, and T. Maniatis 761
A Repetitive Structure in the Chick a2-Collagen Gene G. Vogeli, H. Ohkubo, V. E. Av- vedimento, M. Sullivan, Y. Yamada, M. Mudryj, I. Pastan, and B. de Crombrugghe 777
Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal Localization of Amplified Dihydrofolate Reduc- tase Genes in Cultured Mammalian Cells R. T. Schimke, P. C. Brown, R. J. Kauf- man, M. McGrogan, and D. L. Slate 785
SUC Genes of Yeast: A Dispersed Gene Family M. Carlson, B. C. Osmond, and D. Botstein 799
Conserved Sex-chromosome-associated Nucleotide Sequences in Eukaryotes L. Singh, I. F. Purdom, and K. W. Jones 805
The Organization of Drosophila melanogaster Histone Genes K. Saigo, L. Millstein, and C. A. Thomas, Jr. 815
Linkage and Expression of Foreign DNA in Cultured Animal Cells M. Perucho and M. Wigler 829
Rearrangements in Antibody Genes
Somatic Reorganization of Immunoglobulin Genes during Lymphocyte Differentia- tion S. Tonegawa, H. Sakano, R. Maki, A. Traunecker, G. Heinrich, W. Roeder, and Y. Kurosawa 839
Recombination Events That Activate, Diversify, and Delete Immunoglobulin Genes P. Leder, F. E. Max, J. G. Seidman, S.-P. Kwan, M. Scharif, M. Nau, and B. Norman 859
Immunoglobulin Genes Undergo Multiple Sequence Rearrangements during Differen- tiation T. H. Rabbitts, D. L. Bentley, W. Dunnick, A. Forster, G. E. A. R. Matthys- sens, and C. Milstein 867
RNA Processing in Immunoglobulin Gene Expression R.. Wall, E. Choi, C. Carter, M. Kuehl, and J. Rogers 879
Two Types of DNA Rearrangements in Immunoglobulin Genes L. Hood, M. Davis, P. Early, K. Calame, S. Kim, S. Crews, and H. Huang 887
Studies on the Nature and Germ-line Stability of DNA Sequences Flanking the Mouse Immunoglobulin Heavy-chain Constant-region Genes K. B. Marcu, N. Arnheim, J. Banerji, N. A. Penncavage, P. Seperack, R. Lang, R. Miesfeld, L. Harris, and R. Greenberg 899
Organization and Reorganization of Immunoglobulin Heavy-chain Genes T. Honjo, T. Kataoka, Y. Yaoita, A. Shimizu, N. Takahashi, Y. Yamawaki-Kataoka, T. Nikaido, S. Nakai, M. Obata, T. Kawakami, and Y. Nishida 913
Reorganization and Expression of Immunoglobulin Genes: Status of Allelic Ele- ments R. P. Perry, C. Coleclough, and M. Weigert 925
Antigenic Variation in Trypanosomes and Mating-type Switch in Yeast
DNA Rearrangements Involving the Genes for Variant Antigens in Trypanosoma bru- cei P. Borst, A. C. C. Frasch, A. Bernards, L. H. T. Van der Ploeg, J. H. J. Hoeq makers, A. C. Arnberg, and G. A. M. Cross 935
Contextural Genomic Rearrangements of Variable Antigen Genes in Trypanosoma bru- cei R. O. Williams, J. A. Young, P. A. O. Majiwa, J. J. Doyle, and S. Z. Shapiro 945
Pattern of Switching and Fate of the Replaced Cassette in Yeast Mating-type Intercon- version J. Rine, A Jensen, D. Hagen, L. Blair, and I. Herskowitz 951
Physical Analysis of Mating-type Loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae K A. Nasmyth, K. Tatchell, B. D. Hall, C. Astell, and M. Smith 961
Irregular Transpositions of Mating-type Genes in Yeast A. J. S. Klar, J. B. Hicks, and J. N. Strathern 983
Chromosomal Rearrangements Accompanying Yeast Mating-type Switching: Evidence for a Gene-conversion Model J. E. Haber, B. Weffenbach, D. T. Rogers, J. McCusker, and L. B. Rowe 991
Mating-type Switching and Mitotic Crossing-over at the Mating-type Locus in Fission Yeast R. Egel 1003
Summary M. B. Yarmolinsky 1009
Symposium Participants v
Foreword xiii
Introduction
Some General Questions about Movable Elements and Their Implications A. Campbell 1
Inversion Elements in Bacteria
Trans-acting Genes of Bacteriophages P1 and Mu Mediate Inversion of a Specific DNA Segment Involved in Flagellar Phase Variation of Salmonella T. Iino and K Kut- sukake 11
Analysis of the Functional Components of the Phase Variation System M. Silverman, J. Zieg, G. Mandel, and M. Simon 17
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: General Properties
Genesis and Natural History of IS-mediated Transposons S. Iida, J. Meyer, and W. Arber 27
Appendix I: Spontaneous Mutations in the Escherichia coli Propage P1 and IS-me- diated Processes W. Arber, M. Hümbelin, P. Caspers, H. J. Reif S. Iida, and J. Meyer 38
Appendix II: Analysis of Transposition of IS1-kan and Its Relatives H. J. Reif and W. Arber 40
Transposons Encoding Trunethoprim or Gentamicin Resistance in Medically Important Bacteria N. Datta, M. Nugent, and H. Richards 45
A Study of the Dissemination of Tn1681: A Bacterial Transposon Encoding a Heat-sta- ble Toxin among Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolates M. So, R. Atchison, S. Falkow, S. Moseley, and B. J. McCarthy 53
Basis of Transposition and Gene Amplification by Tn1721 and Related Tetracycline-re- sistance Transposons R. Schmitt, J. Altenbuchner, K Wiebauer, W. Arnold, A. Pühler, and F. Schöffi 59
Appendix: Transposons Tn50l and Tn1721 Are Closely Related C. -L. Choi, J. Grinsted, J. Altenbuchner, A Schmitt, and M. H. Richmond 64
Hitchhiking Transposons and Other Mobile Genetic Elements and Site-specific Recoin- bination Systems in Staphylococcus aureus R. P. Novick, S. A. Khan, E. Murphy, S. Iordanescu, I. Edelman, J. Krolewski, and M. Rush 67
Evidence for Conjugal Transfer of a Streptococcus faecalis Transposon (Tn916) from a Chromosomal Site in the Absence of Plasmid DNA A. F. Franke and D. B. Clewell 77
Inverted-repeat Nucleotide Sequences in Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentus P. Nisen and L. Shapiro 81
ISR1: An Insertion Element Isolated from the Soil Bacterium Rhizobium lupini U. B. Priefer, H. J. Burkardt, W. Klipp, and A. Pühler 87
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Structure and Function
IS1-mediated DNA Rearrangements H. Saedler, G. Cornelis, J. Cullum, B. Schumacher, and H. Sommer 93
Genetic Organization of Tn5 S. J. Rothstein, R. A. Jorgensen, J. C. -P. Yin, Z. Yong-di, R. C. Johnson, and W. S. Reznikoff 99
Structural Analysis of Tn5 E. -A. Auerswald and H. Schaller 107
Insertion, Excision, and Inversion of Tn5 D. E. Berg, C. Egner, B. J. Hirschel, J. Howard, L. Johnsrud, R. A. Jorgensen, and T. D. Tlsty 115
Analysis of the Structure and Function of the Kanamycin-resistance Transposon Tn903 N. D. F. Grindley and C. M. Joyce 125
Identification of a Sex-factor-affinity Site in E. coli as gd M. S. Guyer, R. A. Reed, J. A. Steitz, and K B. Low 135
Internal Rearrangements of IS2 in Escherichia coli A. Ahmed, K Bidwell, and R. Musso 141
Activation of Gene Expression by IS2 and IS3 N. Glansdorff, D. Charlier, and M. Za- farullah 153
IS1-promoted Events Associated with Drug-resistance Plasmids M. Chandler, M. Cler- get, and L. Caro 157
Intramolecular Transposition of a b-Lactamase Sequence and Related Genetic Re- arrangements R. C. Clowes, P. L. Holmans, and S. J. Chiang 167
Detection of Replicational Inceptor Signals in IS5 M. Lusky, M. Kröger, and G. Hobom 173
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Factors Affecting Transposition Genes Are Things You Have Whether You Want Them or Not C. Sapienza and W. F. Doolittle 177
Transposition Immunity L. J. Wallace, J. M. Ward, P. M. Bennett, M. K. Robinson, and M. H. Richmond 183
Regulation of Tn5 Transposition D. Biek and J. R. Roth 189
Mutants of Escherichia coli Affected in the Processes of Transposition and Genomic Rearrangements G. B. Smirnov, T. S. Ilyina, Y. M. Romanova, A. P. Markov, and E. V. Nechaeva 193
Isolation of a polA Mutation That Affects Transposition of Insertion Sequences and Transposons M. B. Clements and M. Syvanen 201
Substitution of Silent Bacterial Genes by a Bacteriophage l Variant Carrying IS1 E. Olson, P. Tomich, C. Parsons, K Leason, D. Jackson, and D. Friedman 205
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Mechanism of Transposition Studies on Transposition Mechanisms and Specificity of IS4 R. Klaer, S. Kuhn, H. -J. Fritz, E. Tillmann, I. Saint-Girons, P. Habermann, D. Pfe!fer, and P. Starlinger 215
Genetic Organization of Tn l0 and Analysis of Tn l0-associated Excision Events N. Kleckner, T. J. Foster, M. A. Davis, S. Hanley- Way, S. M. HaIling, V. Lundblad, and K Takeshita 225
Recombination Involving Transposable Elements: On Replicon Fusion C. J. Muster and J. A. Shapiro 239
Genetic and Sequencing Studies of the Specificity of Transposition into the lac Region of E. coli J. H. Miller, M. P. Cabs, and D. J. Galas 243
Tn3 Encodes a Site-specific Recombination System: Identification of Essential Se- quences, Genes, and the Actual Site of Recombination F. Heifron, R. Kostriken, C. Morita, and R. Parker 259
Tn3: Transposition and Control M. J. Casadaban, J. Chou, P. Lemaux, C. -P. D. Tu, and S. N. Cohen 269
Transposon-specilled, Site-specific Recombination Systems D. Sherratt, A. Arthur, and M. Burke 275
Mechanism of Insertion and Cointegration Mediated by IS1 and Tn3 E. Ohtsubo, M. Zenilman, H. Ohtsubo, M. McCormick, C. Machida, and Y. Machida 283
Site-specific Recombination and Its Role in the Life Cycle of Bacteriophage P1 N. Steinberg, D. Hamilton, S. Austin, M. Yarmolinsky, and A Hoess 297
Transposable Elements in Bacteria: Mechanisms of Mu Transposition
Mechanism of Bacteriophage Mu DNA Transposition G. Chaconas, R. M. Harshey, M. Sarvetnick, and A. I. Bukhari 311
Appendix: A Model for Mu Transposition R. M. Harshey and A. I. Bukhari 319
Transposition Studies Using a ColE 1 Derivative Carrying Bacteriophage Mu A. Coelho, D. Leach, S. Maynard-Smith, and N. Symonds 323
Two Pathways in Bacteriophage Mu Transposition? D. Kamp and R. Kahmann 329
Transposition of Bacteriophage Mu: Properties of l Phages Containing Both Ends of Mu M. M. Howe and J. W. Schumm 337
Regulation of Integration and Replication Functions of Bacteriophage Mu P. van de Putte, M. Giphart-Gassler, N. Goosen, T. Goosen, and E. van Leerdam 347
Genetic Study of Mu Transposition and Mu-mediated Chromosomal Rearrange- ments L. Desmet, M. Faelen, N. Lefèbvre, A. Résibois, A. Toussaint, and F. van segem 355
Specificity of Bacteriophage Mu Integration into DNAs of Different Origins E. Piru- zian, V. Andrianov, M. Mogutov, E. Krivtsova, V. Yuzeeva, A. Vetoshkin, and N. Kobets 365
Biochemistry of Recombination
Genome Fusion H. Potter and D. Dressier 371
Kinetics and Topology of Homologous Pairing Promoted by Escherichia coli recA- gene Protein C. M. Radding, T. Shibata, C. DasGupta, R. P. Cunningham, and L. Osber 385
DNA Gyrase: Site-specific Interactions and Transient Double-strand Breakage of DNA M. Gellert, L. M. Fisher, H. Ohmori, M. H. O'Dea, and K Mizuuchi 391
In Vitro Study of Illegitimate Recombination: Involvement of DNA Gyrase H. Ikeda, K Moriya, and T. Matsumoto 399
Instability of Palindromic DNA in Escherichia coli J. Collins 409
Strand Exchange in l Integrative Recombination: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Models H. A. Nash, K Mizuuchi, L. W. Enquist, and R. A. Weisberg 417
Structure and Function of the Phage l att Site: Size, Int-binding Sites, and Location of the Crossover Point K Mizuuchi, R. Weisberg, L. Enquist, M. Mizuuchi, M. Burac- zynska, C. Foeller, P. L. Hsu, W. Ross, and A. Landy 429
Regulation of the Integration-Excision Reaction by Bacteriophage l H. I. Miller, J. Abraham, M. Benedik, A. Campbell, D. Court, H. Echols, R. Fischer, J. M. Galindo, G. Guarneros, T. Hernandez, D. Mascarenhas, C. Montanez, D. Schindler, U. Schmeissner, and L. Sosa 439
Part 2
Genetic Instability in Plant Systems
Instability among the Components of a Regulatory Element Transposon in Maize P. A. Peterson 447
Regulation of the Enzyme UFGT by the Controlling Element Ds in bz-m4, an Unstable Mutant in Maize H. K. Dooner 457
Detection of Changes in Maize DNA at the Shrunken Locus Due to the Intervention of Ds Elements B. Burr and F A. Burr 463
Controlling Elements at the Opaque-2 Locus of Maize: Their Involvement in the Origin of Spontaneous Mutation F Salamini 467
The Role of Controlling Elements in the Instability of Flower Color in Antirrhinum majus and Impatiens balsamina G. R. K. Sastry, K. M. Aslam, and V. Jeffries 477
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Nitrogen-fixation (nif) Genes M. Ausubel and F. C. Cannon 487
Appendix: Molecular Genetics of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation G. B. Ruvkun, S. R. Long, H. M. Meade, and F. M. Ausubel 493
Nucleotide Sequence Organization in Plant Chromosomes and Evidence for Sequence Translocation during Evolution A. B. Flavell, M. O'Dell, and J. Hutchinson 501
Genetic Instability in Ascobolus immersus: Modalities of Back-mutations, Intragenic Mapping of Unstable Sites, and Unstable Insertion. Preliminary Biochemical Data B. Decaris, F. Francou, A. Kouassi, C. Lefort, and G. Rizet 509
Transposable Elements in Drosophilia and Yeast
A Novel Dominant Mutant Allele at the white Locus of Drosophila melanogaster is Muta ble P. M. Bingham 519
Derivation-dependent Distribution of Insertion Sites for a Drosophila Transposon G. Ising and K. Block 527
Transpositions, Mutable Genes, and the Dispersed Gene Family Dm225 in Drosophila melanogaster B. Rasmuson, B. M. Westerberg, A. Rasmuson, V. A. Gvozdev, E. S. Belyaeva, and Y. V. Ilyin 545
Site-specific Intrachromosomal Rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster: Cytogenetic Evidence for Transposable Elements J. K Lim 553
Hybrid Dysgenesis in Drosophila and the Stochastic Loss Hypothesis W. R.. Engels 561
Transposable Elements Involving the his4 Region of Yeast H. Greer, M. Igo, and F. de Bruijn 567
Transposable Elements (Ty) in Yeast G. Fink, P. Farabaugh, G. Roeder, and D. Cha- leff 575
Studies on the Transposable Element Ty1 of Yeast I. RNA Homologous to Ty1A T. Elder, T. P. St. John, D. T. Stinchcomb, and R.. W. Davis 581
II. Recombination and Expression of Ty1 and Adjacent Sequences S. Scherer and R. W. Davis 584
Studies on Transposable Elements in Yeast I. ROAM Mutations Causing Increased Expression of Yeast Genes: Their Activation by Signals Directed toward Conjugation Functions and Their Formation by Inser- tion of Tyl Repetitive Elements B. Errede, T. S. Cardillo, G. Wever, and F. Sher- man 593
II. Deletions, Duplications, and Transpositions of the COR Segment that Encom- passes the Structural Gene of Yeast Iso- l-cytochrome c J. I. Stiles, L. R. Friedman, and F. Sherman 602
Dispersed Movable Sequences
Characterization of the Yeast Mobile Element Ty1 H. Eibel, J. Gafner, A. Stotz, and P. Philippsen 609
copia-like Transposable Elements in the Drosophila Genome G. M. Rubin, W J. Brorein, Jr., P. Dunsmuir, A. J. Flavell, A Levis, E. Strobel, J. I. Toole, and F. Young 619
Nomadic Gene Families in Drosophila M. W. Young and H. F. Schwartz 629
Mobile Dispersed Genetic Elements and Other Middle Repetitive DNA Sequences in the Genomes of Drosophila and Mouse: Transcription and Biological Signifi- cance G. P. Georgiev, Y. V. Ilyin, V. G. Chmeliauskaite, A. P. Ryskov, D. A. Kra- merov, K. G. Skryabin, A. S. Krayev, E. M. Lukanidin, and M. S. Grigoryan 641
General Properties of Mobile Dispersed Genetic Elements in Drosophila melano gas- ter N. A. Tchurikov, Y. V Ilyin, K G. Skryabin, E. V. Ananiev, A. A. Bayev, Jr., A. S. Krayev, E. S. Zelentsova, V. V. Kulguskin, N. V. Lyubomirskaya, and G. P. Georgiev 655
Structure and Expression of Ribosomal RNA Genes of Drosophila melanogaster Inter- rupted by Type-2 Insertions E. O. Long, M. L. Rebbert, and I. B. Dawid 667
Selection and Transposition of Mobile Dispersed Genes in Drosophila melano gas- ter V. A. Gvozdev, E. S. Belyaeva, Y. V Ilyin, I. S. Amosova, and L. Z. Katdanov 673
Retroviruses as Insertion Elements
Integration and Activity of Mammary Tumor Virus Genes: Regulation by Hormone Re- ceptors and Chromosomal Position K. A Yamamoto, V. L. Chandler, S. R. Ross, D. S. Ucker, J. C. Ring, and S. C. Feinstein 687
The Long Terminal Repeat of Moloney Sarcoma Provirus W. L. McClements, R.. Dhar, D. G. Blair, L. Enquist, M. Oskarsson, and G. F. Vande Woude 699
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Is a Transposon: Nucleotide Sequence Analysis Iden- tifies Genes and Replication Details J. G. Sutcliffe, T. M. Shinnick, and R. A.. Lerner 707
Structure of Cloned Retroviral Circular DNAs: Implications for Viral Integration C. Shoemaker, S. Goff, E. Gilboa, M. Paskind, S. W. Mitra, and D. Baltimore 731
Evolution of Retroviruses from Cellular Movable Genetic Elements K Shimotohno and H. M. Temin 719
DNA Intermediates in the Replication of Retroviruses Are Structurally (and Perhaps Functionally) Related to Transposable Elements J. E. Majors, R. Swanstrom, W. J. DeLorbe, U. S. Payne, S. H. Hughes, S. Ortiz, N. Quintrell, J. M. Bishop, and H. E. Varmus 731
Structural Analogies among Avian Retroviral DNAs and Transposable Elements A. Skalka, G. Ju, F. Hishinuma, P. J. DeBona, and S. Astrin 739
Genomic Rearrangements and Tumor-forming Potential in SV40-transformed Mouse Cell Line and Its Hybrid and Cybrid Progeny R. Sager, A. Anisowicz, and N. Howell 747
Organization of Genes
Evidence for the Involvement of Recombination and Amplification Events in the Evolu tion of Secale Chromosomes J. Bedbrook, J. Jones, and R. Flavell 755
The Organization of Repetitive Sequences in Mammalian Globin Gene Clusters E. F. Fritsch, C. K. J. Shen, R. M. Lawn, and T. Maniatis 761
A Repetitive Structure in the Chick a2-Collagen Gene G. Vogeli, H. Ohkubo, V. E. Av- vedimento, M. Sullivan, Y. Yamada, M. Mudryj, I. Pastan, and B. de Crombrugghe 777
Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal Localization of Amplified Dihydrofolate Reduc- tase Genes in Cultured Mammalian Cells R. T. Schimke, P. C. Brown, R. J. Kauf- man, M. McGrogan, and D. L. Slate 785
SUC Genes of Yeast: A Dispersed Gene Family M. Carlson, B. C. Osmond, and D. Botstein 799
Conserved Sex-chromosome-associated Nucleotide Sequences in Eukaryotes L. Singh, I. F. Purdom, and K. W. Jones 805
The Organization of Drosophila melanogaster Histone Genes K. Saigo, L. Millstein, and C. A. Thomas, Jr. 815
Linkage and Expression of Foreign DNA in Cultured Animal Cells M. Perucho and M. Wigler 829
Rearrangements in Antibody Genes
Somatic Reorganization of Immunoglobulin Genes during Lymphocyte Differentia- tion S. Tonegawa, H. Sakano, R. Maki, A. Traunecker, G. Heinrich, W. Roeder, and Y. Kurosawa 839
Recombination Events That Activate, Diversify, and Delete Immunoglobulin Genes P. Leder, F. E. Max, J. G. Seidman, S.-P. Kwan, M. Scharif, M. Nau, and B. Norman 859
Immunoglobulin Genes Undergo Multiple Sequence Rearrangements during Differen- tiation T. H. Rabbitts, D. L. Bentley, W. Dunnick, A. Forster, G. E. A. R. Matthys- sens, and C. Milstein 867
RNA Processing in Immunoglobulin Gene Expression R.. Wall, E. Choi, C. Carter, M. Kuehl, and J. Rogers 879
Two Types of DNA Rearrangements in Immunoglobulin Genes L. Hood, M. Davis, P. Early, K. Calame, S. Kim, S. Crews, and H. Huang 887
Studies on the Nature and Germ-line Stability of DNA Sequences Flanking the Mouse Immunoglobulin Heavy-chain Constant-region Genes K. B. Marcu, N. Arnheim, J. Banerji, N. A. Penncavage, P. Seperack, R. Lang, R. Miesfeld, L. Harris, and R. Greenberg 899
Organization and Reorganization of Immunoglobulin Heavy-chain Genes T. Honjo, T. Kataoka, Y. Yaoita, A. Shimizu, N. Takahashi, Y. Yamawaki-Kataoka, T. Nikaido, S. Nakai, M. Obata, T. Kawakami, and Y. Nishida 913
Reorganization and Expression of Immunoglobulin Genes: Status of Allelic Ele- ments R. P. Perry, C. Coleclough, and M. Weigert 925
Antigenic Variation in Trypanosomes and Mating-type Switch in Yeast
DNA Rearrangements Involving the Genes for Variant Antigens in Trypanosoma bru- cei P. Borst, A. C. C. Frasch, A. Bernards, L. H. T. Van der Ploeg, J. H. J. Hoeq makers, A. C. Arnberg, and G. A. M. Cross 935
Contextural Genomic Rearrangements of Variable Antigen Genes in Trypanosoma bru- cei R. O. Williams, J. A. Young, P. A. O. Majiwa, J. J. Doyle, and S. Z. Shapiro 945
Pattern of Switching and Fate of the Replaced Cassette in Yeast Mating-type Intercon- version J. Rine, A Jensen, D. Hagen, L. Blair, and I. Herskowitz 951
Physical Analysis of Mating-type Loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae K A. Nasmyth, K. Tatchell, B. D. Hall, C. Astell, and M. Smith 961
Irregular Transpositions of Mating-type Genes in Yeast A. J. S. Klar, J. B. Hicks, and J. N. Strathern 983
Chromosomal Rearrangements Accompanying Yeast Mating-type Switching: Evidence for a Gene-conversion Model J. E. Haber, B. Weffenbach, D. T. Rogers, J. McCusker, and L. B. Rowe 991
Mating-type Switching and Mitotic Crossing-over at the Mating-type Locus in Fission Yeast R. Egel 1003
Summary M. B. Yarmolinsky 1009
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