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 XXXVIII: Chromosome Structure and Function 1973 |
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From left: Dr. Rich Roberts. Dr. Wolf Prensky  SYMPOSIUM SYNOPSIS LIST OF PARTICIPANTS CONTENTS OF SYMPOSIUM VOLUME PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED VOLUME  |
Chromosome Structure and Function
Symposium Volume XXXVIII Contents
Symposium Participants v
Foreword xv
PHYSICAL ORGANIZATION OF DNA IN CHROMOSOMES
On the Nature of Chromosome-sized DNA Molecules R. Kavenoff, L. C. Klotz, and B. H. Zimm 1
Yeast Chromosomal DNA: Size, Structure, and Replication T. D. Petes, C. S. Newlon, B. Byers, and W. L. Fangman 9
Studies on Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA of Saceharomyces cerevisiae D. R. Cryer, C. D. Goldthwaite, S. Zinker, K.-B. Lam, E. Storm, R. Hirschberg, J. Blamire, D. B. Finkeistein, and J. Marmur 17
RNA Molecules Bound to the Folded Bacterial Genome Stabilize DNA Folds and Segregate Domains of Supercoiling D. E. Pettijohn and R.. Hecht 31
Studies on the Folded Chromosome of Escherichia coli A. Worcel, E. Burgi, J. Robinton, and C. L. Carison 43
Electron Microscopic Studies on the Folded Chromosome of Escherichia coli H. Delius and A. Worcel 53
Chromosomal Analogues: Long-range Order in Y-Condensed DNA L. S. Lerman 59
X-Ray Diffraction Studies on Oriented Nucleohistone Gels J. F. Pardon, B. M. Richards, and R. I. Cotter 75
Recent DNA Fiber Diffraction Studies and Their Implications for DNA Recognition S. Bram 83
Quantitative Constraints in the Arrangement of Human DNA E. J. DuPraw 87
ORGANIZATION OF CHROMOSOMES WITHIN THE NUCLEUS
Quantitative Electron Microscopy of Chromosome Organization at Meiotic Prophase P. B. Moens 99
Modified Synaptinemal Complexes in Spermatocytes of Stethophyma grossum G. H. Jones 109
The Synaptinemal Complex in Homologous and Nonhomologous Pairing of Chromosomes C. B. Gullies, S. W. Rasmussen, and D. von Wettstein 117
Duplication of Spindle Plaques and Integration of the Yeast Cell Cycle B. Byers and L. Goetsch 123
On the Nature of Heteroploidy P. M. Kraemer, L. L. Deaven, H. A. Crissman, J. A. Steinkamp, and D. F. Petersen 133
Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure in Eukaryotes D. E. Comings and T. A. Okada 145
Conservation of Ar1cient Linkage Groups in Evolution and Some Insight into the Genetic Regulatory Mechanism of X-inactivation S. Ohno 155
Laser Microirradiation of Chromosomes M. W. Bern 165
Nuclear DNA Variation Due to B Chromosomes H. Rees and J. Hutchinson 175
The Integration of Supernumerary Chromosomes into the Orthopteran Genome G. M. Hewitt 183
DNA REPLICATION
DNA Replication in the Chromosomes of Eukaryotes H. G. Callan 195
The Units of DNA Replication in Drosophila melanogaster Chromosomes A. B. Blumenthal, H. J. Kriegstein, and D. S. Hogness 205
Functional Subunits of Chromosomal DNA from Higher Eukaryotes J. H. Taylor, M. Wu, and L. C. Erickson 225
Discontinuous DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells J. A. Huberman and H. Horwitz 233
The Temporal Order of Replication of Some DNA Cistrons I. Balazs, E. H. Brown, and C. L. Schildkraut 239
The Assembly of Newly Replicated DNA into Chromatin H. Weintraub 247
The Mechanism of SV40 DNA Replication N. P. Salzman, G. C. Fareed, E. D. Sebring, and M. M. Thoren 257
Replication of Mitochondrial DNA: Replicative Forms of Molecules from Rat Tissues and Evidence for Discontinuous Replication D. R. Wolstenholme, K. Koike, and P. Cochran-Foists 267
The Replication and Structure of Mitochondrial DNA in Animal Cells H. Kasamatsu, L. I. Grossman, D. L. Robberson, R. Watson, and J. Vinograd 281
Relationships Among RNA-directed DNA Polymerase Activities of Avian Viruses and Chicken Cells S. Mizutani, C- Y. Kang, and H. M. Temin 289
REPEATED SEQUENCES AND THEIR ARRANGEMENT IN CHROMOSOMES
Arrangement and Characterization of Repetitive Sequence Elements in Animal DNAs E. H. Davidson, D. E. Graham, B. R. Neufeld, M. E. Chamberlin, C. S. Amenson, B. R. Hough, and R. J. Britten 295
Functional Organization of the Mammalian Genome J. Bonner, W. T. Garrard, J. Gottesfeld, D. S. Holmes, J. S. Sevall, and M. Wilkes 303
Oragnization and Transcription of DNA in Chromosomes and Mitochondria of Drosophila C. D. Laird, W. Y. Chooi, E. H. Cohen, E. Dickson, N. Hutchinson, and S. H. Turner 311
Characterization of the Rapidly Renaturing Sequences in the Main CsCl Density Bands of Drosophila, Mouse, and Human DNA J. E. Hearst, T. R. Cech, K. A. Marx, A. Rosenfeld, and J. R. Allen 329
Bulk Isolation of Metaphase Chromosomes from an In Vitro Cell Line of Drosophila melanogaster C. V. Hanson and J. E. Hearst 341
The Rolling Helix: A Model for the Eukaryotic Gene? C. A. Thomas, Jr 347
Cyclodromes and Palindromes in Chromosomes C. A. Thomas, Jr., R. E. Pyeritz, D. A. Wilson, B. M. Dancis, C. S. Lee, M. D. Bick, H. L. Huang, and B. H. Zimin 353
Repetitive Sequences in Isolated Thomas Circles from Drosophila melanogaster F. H. Schachat and D. S. Hogness 371
Cleavage of Mouse DNA by a Restriction Enzyme as a Clue to the Arrangement of Genes M. Botchan, G. McKenna, and P. A. Sharp 383
Appendix: Cleavage of Integrated SV40 RI Restriction Endonuclease M. Botchan and G. McKenna Repetitive DNA in Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster G. T. Rudkin and K. D. Tartof 397
The Organization of Highly Repeated DNA Sequences in Drosophila melano- gaster Chromosomes W. J. Peacock, D. Brutlag, E. Goldring, R. Appels, C. W. Hinton, and D. L. Lindsley 405
The Satellite DNAs of Drosophila virilis J. G. Gall, E. H. Cohen, and D. D. Atherton 417
The Evolution of Satellite DNA in Drosophila virilis M. Blumenfeld 423
The Action of a Restriction Endonuclease on Higher Organism DNA E. M. Southern and G. Roizes 429
Acridine Orange and the Investigation of Chromosome Banding M. Bobrow 435
Fluorescent Probes of Chromosomal DNA Structure: Three Classes of Acridines B. Weisblum 441
THE GENES FOR RIBOSOMAL AND TRANSFER RNA
Clustered Arrangement of tRNA Genes of Xenopus laevis S. G. Clarkson and M. L. Birnstiel 451
Studies on the Transfer RNA Genes of Drosophila T. A. Grigliatti, B. N. White, G. M. Tener, T. C. Kaufman, J. J. Holden, and D. T. Suzuki 461
Localization of Repeated DNA Sequences in Xenopus Chromosomes M. L. Pardue 475
On the Cell Stage of X-Y Recombination During rDNA Magnification in Dro- sophila F. Ritossa, F. Scalenghe, N. Di Turi, and A. M. Contini 483
Unequal Mitotic Sister Chromatid Exchange and Disproportionate Replication as Mechanisms Regulating Ribosomal RNA Gene Redundancy K. D. Tartof 491
The Structure and Evolution of Ribosomal and 5 S DNAs in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus mullen D. D. Brown and K. Sugimoto 501
Unequal Crossover and the Evolution of Multigene Families G. P. Smith 507
Gene Pool of Higher Organisms as a Product of Evolution M. Kimura 515
Secondary Structure Maps of Ribosomal RNA and Its Precursors as Determined by Electron Microscopy P. K. Wellauer and I. B. Dawid 525
The Nucleolus and the Rolling Circle D. Hourcade, D. Dressler, and J. Wolfson 537
The Synthesis of Amplified Ribosomal DNA G. P. Tocchini- Valentini, V. Mahdavi, R. Brown, and M. Crippa 551
The Molecular Organization of the Chromomeres of Acheta Involved in Ribo- somal DNA Amplification A. Lima-de-Faria 559
CHROMOMERES AND BANDS
An Examination of the One Cistron:One Chromomere Concept B. H. Judd and M. W. Young 573
Analysis of a Whole Chromosome in Drosophila B. Hochrnan 581
The One Band-One Gene Hypothesis: Evidence from a Cytogenetic Analysis of Mutant and Nonmutant Rearrangement Breakpoints in Drosophila melano- gaster G. Lefevre, Jr 591
Organization of Chromomeres V. Sorsa 601
Chromosome Structure in Ciliated Protozoans D. M. Prescott and K. G. Munti 609
LOOPS, PUFFS, AND BALBIANI RINGS
Chromosome Puffs and Gene Expression in Polytene Cells U. Grossbach 619
The Transcription Unit in Balbiani Ring 2 of Chironomus tentans B. Daneholt and H. Hosick 629
Repeated Nucleotide Sequences in a Single Puff of Chironomws tentans Polytene Chromosomes B. Lambert 637
Structure and Function in the Genome of Drosophila hydei H. D. Berendes, C. Abaso, P. J. Helmsing, H. J. Leenders, and J. Derksen 645
Temporal Control of Puffing Activity in Polytene Chromosomes M. Ash- burner, C. Chihara, P. Meltzer, and G. Richards 655
Local Structural Variations of the Y Chromosome of Drosophila hydei and Their Correlation to Genetic Activity O. Hess 663
Structure and Function of the Y Chromosome of Drosophila hydei W. Hennig, G. F. Meyer, I. Hennig, and O. Leoncini 673
Genetic Organization and Regulation of the Drosophila Y Chromosome T. G. Sanders and G. B. Ayles 685
Chromosome Products in Chironomus tentans Salivary Gland Cells J. E. Edström and R. Tanguay 693
STRUCTURAL GENES AND THEIR PRODUCTS
The Length of Fibroin Structural Gene Sequences in Bombyx mori DNA P. M. Lizardi and D. D. Brown 701
DNA Sequences Neighboring the Duck Hemoglobin Genes J. O. Bishop and K. B. Freeman 707
Messenger RNAs for Individual Histone Proteins: Fingerprint Analysis and In Vitro Translation M. Grunstein, S. Levy, P. Schedl, and L. Kedes 717
Immunoglobulin Genes: Arranged in Tandem or in Parallel? O. Smithies 725
Immunoglobulin Genes: A Test of Somatic vs. Germ Line Hypothesis by RNA/ DNA Hybridization T. Delovitch and C. Baglioni 739
Regulated Expression of Mammalian Genes: Globin and Immunoglobulin as Model Systems P. Leder, J. Ross, J. Gielen, S. Packman, Y. ikawa, H. Aviv, and D. Swan 753
CHROMATIN
Transcription and Chromatin Structure B. J. McCarthy, J. T. Nishiura, D. Doenecke, D. S. Nasser, and C. B. Johnson 763
Chromatin Template Activity and Chromatin Structure R. Axel, H. Cedar, and G. Felsenfeld 773
Phosphorylation of DNA-binding Nuclear Acidic Proteins and Gene Activation in the HeLa Cell Cycle V. G. Allfrey, A. Inoue, J. Karn, E. M. Johnson, and G. Vidali 785
Enzymatic Modifications and Their Possible Roles in Regulating the Binding of Basic Proteins to DNA and in Controlling Chromosomal Structure A. J. Louie, E. P. M. Candido, and G. H. Dixon 803
A Prologue to the Study of the Nonhistone Chromosomal Proteins S. C. R. Elgin, J. B. Boyd, L. E. Hood, W. Wray, and F. C. Wu 821
Biochemical and Morphological Studies of Partially Purified Chinese Hamster Chromosomes E. Stubblefteld and W. Wray 835
TRANSCRIPTION
Sequences of Controlling Regions of the Lactose Operon W. Gilbert, N. Maizels, and A. Maxam 845
Control Elements in the DNA of Bacteriophagel T. Maniatis, M. Ptashne, and R. Maurer 857
On the Structural Organization of the Transcriptional Unit in Animal Chromo- somes G. P. Georgiev, A. J. Varshavsky, A. P. Ryskov, and R. B. Church 869
The Globin Gene: Structure and Expression J. Paul, R. S. Gilmour, N. Affara, G. Birnie, P. Harrison, A. Hell, S. Humphries, J. Windass, and B. Young 885
Origin of mRNA in HeLa Cells and the Implications for Chromosome Structure W. Jelinek, G. Molloy, M. Salditt, R. Wall, D. Sheiness, and J. E. Darnell, Jr 891
Transcription and Structure of the Genome of the Cellular Slime Mold Dictyos- telium discoideum H. F. Lodish, R. A. Firtel, and A. Jacobson 899
Ultrastructure of Active Eukaryotic Genomes B. A. Hamkalo, O. L. Miller, Jr., and A. H. Bakken 915
Some Properties of RNA: Protein Complexes from the Nucleus of Eukaryotic Cells T. Martin, P. Billings, A. Levey, S. Ozarslan, T. Quinlan, H. Swift, and L. Urbas 921
Sequence Arrangement in mRNA: Presence of Poly(A) and Identification of a Repetitive Fragment at the 5¢ End M. Crippa, I. Meza, and D. Dma 933
An Electron Microscope Study of Sindbis Virus RNA M-T. Hsu, H-J. Kung, and N. Davidson 943
Molecular Models and Combinatorial Principles in Cell Differentiation and Morphogenesis A. Gierer 951
SUMMARY
Chromosomes 1973: Organization of Genetic Material in Eukaryotes-Progress and Prospects H. Swift 963
Foreword xv
PHYSICAL ORGANIZATION OF DNA IN CHROMOSOMES
On the Nature of Chromosome-sized DNA Molecules R. Kavenoff, L. C. Klotz, and B. H. Zimm 1
Yeast Chromosomal DNA: Size, Structure, and Replication T. D. Petes, C. S. Newlon, B. Byers, and W. L. Fangman 9
Studies on Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA of Saceharomyces cerevisiae D. R. Cryer, C. D. Goldthwaite, S. Zinker, K.-B. Lam, E. Storm, R. Hirschberg, J. Blamire, D. B. Finkeistein, and J. Marmur 17
RNA Molecules Bound to the Folded Bacterial Genome Stabilize DNA Folds and Segregate Domains of Supercoiling D. E. Pettijohn and R.. Hecht 31
Studies on the Folded Chromosome of Escherichia coli A. Worcel, E. Burgi, J. Robinton, and C. L. Carison 43
Electron Microscopic Studies on the Folded Chromosome of Escherichia coli H. Delius and A. Worcel 53
Chromosomal Analogues: Long-range Order in Y-Condensed DNA L. S. Lerman 59
X-Ray Diffraction Studies on Oriented Nucleohistone Gels J. F. Pardon, B. M. Richards, and R. I. Cotter 75
Recent DNA Fiber Diffraction Studies and Their Implications for DNA Recognition S. Bram 83
Quantitative Constraints in the Arrangement of Human DNA E. J. DuPraw 87
ORGANIZATION OF CHROMOSOMES WITHIN THE NUCLEUS
Quantitative Electron Microscopy of Chromosome Organization at Meiotic Prophase P. B. Moens 99
Modified Synaptinemal Complexes in Spermatocytes of Stethophyma grossum G. H. Jones 109
The Synaptinemal Complex in Homologous and Nonhomologous Pairing of Chromosomes C. B. Gullies, S. W. Rasmussen, and D. von Wettstein 117
Duplication of Spindle Plaques and Integration of the Yeast Cell Cycle B. Byers and L. Goetsch 123
On the Nature of Heteroploidy P. M. Kraemer, L. L. Deaven, H. A. Crissman, J. A. Steinkamp, and D. F. Petersen 133
Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure in Eukaryotes D. E. Comings and T. A. Okada 145
Conservation of Ar1cient Linkage Groups in Evolution and Some Insight into the Genetic Regulatory Mechanism of X-inactivation S. Ohno 155
Laser Microirradiation of Chromosomes M. W. Bern 165
Nuclear DNA Variation Due to B Chromosomes H. Rees and J. Hutchinson 175
The Integration of Supernumerary Chromosomes into the Orthopteran Genome G. M. Hewitt 183
DNA REPLICATION
DNA Replication in the Chromosomes of Eukaryotes H. G. Callan 195
The Units of DNA Replication in Drosophila melanogaster Chromosomes A. B. Blumenthal, H. J. Kriegstein, and D. S. Hogness 205
Functional Subunits of Chromosomal DNA from Higher Eukaryotes J. H. Taylor, M. Wu, and L. C. Erickson 225
Discontinuous DNA Synthesis in Mammalian Cells J. A. Huberman and H. Horwitz 233
The Temporal Order of Replication of Some DNA Cistrons I. Balazs, E. H. Brown, and C. L. Schildkraut 239
The Assembly of Newly Replicated DNA into Chromatin H. Weintraub 247
The Mechanism of SV40 DNA Replication N. P. Salzman, G. C. Fareed, E. D. Sebring, and M. M. Thoren 257
Replication of Mitochondrial DNA: Replicative Forms of Molecules from Rat Tissues and Evidence for Discontinuous Replication D. R. Wolstenholme, K. Koike, and P. Cochran-Foists 267
The Replication and Structure of Mitochondrial DNA in Animal Cells H. Kasamatsu, L. I. Grossman, D. L. Robberson, R. Watson, and J. Vinograd 281
Relationships Among RNA-directed DNA Polymerase Activities of Avian Viruses and Chicken Cells S. Mizutani, C- Y. Kang, and H. M. Temin 289
REPEATED SEQUENCES AND THEIR ARRANGEMENT IN CHROMOSOMES
Arrangement and Characterization of Repetitive Sequence Elements in Animal DNAs E. H. Davidson, D. E. Graham, B. R. Neufeld, M. E. Chamberlin, C. S. Amenson, B. R. Hough, and R. J. Britten 295
Functional Organization of the Mammalian Genome J. Bonner, W. T. Garrard, J. Gottesfeld, D. S. Holmes, J. S. Sevall, and M. Wilkes 303
Oragnization and Transcription of DNA in Chromosomes and Mitochondria of Drosophila C. D. Laird, W. Y. Chooi, E. H. Cohen, E. Dickson, N. Hutchinson, and S. H. Turner 311
Characterization of the Rapidly Renaturing Sequences in the Main CsCl Density Bands of Drosophila, Mouse, and Human DNA J. E. Hearst, T. R. Cech, K. A. Marx, A. Rosenfeld, and J. R. Allen 329
Bulk Isolation of Metaphase Chromosomes from an In Vitro Cell Line of Drosophila melanogaster C. V. Hanson and J. E. Hearst 341
The Rolling Helix: A Model for the Eukaryotic Gene? C. A. Thomas, Jr 347
Cyclodromes and Palindromes in Chromosomes C. A. Thomas, Jr., R. E. Pyeritz, D. A. Wilson, B. M. Dancis, C. S. Lee, M. D. Bick, H. L. Huang, and B. H. Zimin 353
Repetitive Sequences in Isolated Thomas Circles from Drosophila melanogaster F. H. Schachat and D. S. Hogness 371
Cleavage of Mouse DNA by a Restriction Enzyme as a Clue to the Arrangement of Genes M. Botchan, G. McKenna, and P. A. Sharp 383
Appendix: Cleavage of Integrated SV40 RI Restriction Endonuclease M. Botchan and G. McKenna Repetitive DNA in Polytene Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster G. T. Rudkin and K. D. Tartof 397
The Organization of Highly Repeated DNA Sequences in Drosophila melano- gaster Chromosomes W. J. Peacock, D. Brutlag, E. Goldring, R. Appels, C. W. Hinton, and D. L. Lindsley 405
The Satellite DNAs of Drosophila virilis J. G. Gall, E. H. Cohen, and D. D. Atherton 417
The Evolution of Satellite DNA in Drosophila virilis M. Blumenfeld 423
The Action of a Restriction Endonuclease on Higher Organism DNA E. M. Southern and G. Roizes 429
Acridine Orange and the Investigation of Chromosome Banding M. Bobrow 435
Fluorescent Probes of Chromosomal DNA Structure: Three Classes of Acridines B. Weisblum 441
THE GENES FOR RIBOSOMAL AND TRANSFER RNA
Clustered Arrangement of tRNA Genes of Xenopus laevis S. G. Clarkson and M. L. Birnstiel 451
Studies on the Transfer RNA Genes of Drosophila T. A. Grigliatti, B. N. White, G. M. Tener, T. C. Kaufman, J. J. Holden, and D. T. Suzuki 461
Localization of Repeated DNA Sequences in Xenopus Chromosomes M. L. Pardue 475
On the Cell Stage of X-Y Recombination During rDNA Magnification in Dro- sophila F. Ritossa, F. Scalenghe, N. Di Turi, and A. M. Contini 483
Unequal Mitotic Sister Chromatid Exchange and Disproportionate Replication as Mechanisms Regulating Ribosomal RNA Gene Redundancy K. D. Tartof 491
The Structure and Evolution of Ribosomal and 5 S DNAs in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus mullen D. D. Brown and K. Sugimoto 501
Unequal Crossover and the Evolution of Multigene Families G. P. Smith 507
Gene Pool of Higher Organisms as a Product of Evolution M. Kimura 515
Secondary Structure Maps of Ribosomal RNA and Its Precursors as Determined by Electron Microscopy P. K. Wellauer and I. B. Dawid 525
The Nucleolus and the Rolling Circle D. Hourcade, D. Dressler, and J. Wolfson 537
The Synthesis of Amplified Ribosomal DNA G. P. Tocchini- Valentini, V. Mahdavi, R. Brown, and M. Crippa 551
The Molecular Organization of the Chromomeres of Acheta Involved in Ribo- somal DNA Amplification A. Lima-de-Faria 559
CHROMOMERES AND BANDS
An Examination of the One Cistron:One Chromomere Concept B. H. Judd and M. W. Young 573
Analysis of a Whole Chromosome in Drosophila B. Hochrnan 581
The One Band-One Gene Hypothesis: Evidence from a Cytogenetic Analysis of Mutant and Nonmutant Rearrangement Breakpoints in Drosophila melano- gaster G. Lefevre, Jr 591
Organization of Chromomeres V. Sorsa 601
Chromosome Structure in Ciliated Protozoans D. M. Prescott and K. G. Munti 609
LOOPS, PUFFS, AND BALBIANI RINGS
Chromosome Puffs and Gene Expression in Polytene Cells U. Grossbach 619
The Transcription Unit in Balbiani Ring 2 of Chironomus tentans B. Daneholt and H. Hosick 629
Repeated Nucleotide Sequences in a Single Puff of Chironomws tentans Polytene Chromosomes B. Lambert 637
Structure and Function in the Genome of Drosophila hydei H. D. Berendes, C. Abaso, P. J. Helmsing, H. J. Leenders, and J. Derksen 645
Temporal Control of Puffing Activity in Polytene Chromosomes M. Ash- burner, C. Chihara, P. Meltzer, and G. Richards 655
Local Structural Variations of the Y Chromosome of Drosophila hydei and Their Correlation to Genetic Activity O. Hess 663
Structure and Function of the Y Chromosome of Drosophila hydei W. Hennig, G. F. Meyer, I. Hennig, and O. Leoncini 673
Genetic Organization and Regulation of the Drosophila Y Chromosome T. G. Sanders and G. B. Ayles 685
Chromosome Products in Chironomus tentans Salivary Gland Cells J. E. Edström and R. Tanguay 693
STRUCTURAL GENES AND THEIR PRODUCTS
The Length of Fibroin Structural Gene Sequences in Bombyx mori DNA P. M. Lizardi and D. D. Brown 701
DNA Sequences Neighboring the Duck Hemoglobin Genes J. O. Bishop and K. B. Freeman 707
Messenger RNAs for Individual Histone Proteins: Fingerprint Analysis and In Vitro Translation M. Grunstein, S. Levy, P. Schedl, and L. Kedes 717
Immunoglobulin Genes: Arranged in Tandem or in Parallel? O. Smithies 725
Immunoglobulin Genes: A Test of Somatic vs. Germ Line Hypothesis by RNA/ DNA Hybridization T. Delovitch and C. Baglioni 739
Regulated Expression of Mammalian Genes: Globin and Immunoglobulin as Model Systems P. Leder, J. Ross, J. Gielen, S. Packman, Y. ikawa, H. Aviv, and D. Swan 753
CHROMATIN
Transcription and Chromatin Structure B. J. McCarthy, J. T. Nishiura, D. Doenecke, D. S. Nasser, and C. B. Johnson 763
Chromatin Template Activity and Chromatin Structure R. Axel, H. Cedar, and G. Felsenfeld 773
Phosphorylation of DNA-binding Nuclear Acidic Proteins and Gene Activation in the HeLa Cell Cycle V. G. Allfrey, A. Inoue, J. Karn, E. M. Johnson, and G. Vidali 785
Enzymatic Modifications and Their Possible Roles in Regulating the Binding of Basic Proteins to DNA and in Controlling Chromosomal Structure A. J. Louie, E. P. M. Candido, and G. H. Dixon 803
A Prologue to the Study of the Nonhistone Chromosomal Proteins S. C. R. Elgin, J. B. Boyd, L. E. Hood, W. Wray, and F. C. Wu 821
Biochemical and Morphological Studies of Partially Purified Chinese Hamster Chromosomes E. Stubblefteld and W. Wray 835
TRANSCRIPTION
Sequences of Controlling Regions of the Lactose Operon W. Gilbert, N. Maizels, and A. Maxam 845
Control Elements in the DNA of Bacteriophagel T. Maniatis, M. Ptashne, and R. Maurer 857
On the Structural Organization of the Transcriptional Unit in Animal Chromo- somes G. P. Georgiev, A. J. Varshavsky, A. P. Ryskov, and R. B. Church 869
The Globin Gene: Structure and Expression J. Paul, R. S. Gilmour, N. Affara, G. Birnie, P. Harrison, A. Hell, S. Humphries, J. Windass, and B. Young 885
Origin of mRNA in HeLa Cells and the Implications for Chromosome Structure W. Jelinek, G. Molloy, M. Salditt, R. Wall, D. Sheiness, and J. E. Darnell, Jr 891
Transcription and Structure of the Genome of the Cellular Slime Mold Dictyos- telium discoideum H. F. Lodish, R. A. Firtel, and A. Jacobson 899
Ultrastructure of Active Eukaryotic Genomes B. A. Hamkalo, O. L. Miller, Jr., and A. H. Bakken 915
Some Properties of RNA: Protein Complexes from the Nucleus of Eukaryotic Cells T. Martin, P. Billings, A. Levey, S. Ozarslan, T. Quinlan, H. Swift, and L. Urbas 921
Sequence Arrangement in mRNA: Presence of Poly(A) and Identification of a Repetitive Fragment at the 5¢ End M. Crippa, I. Meza, and D. Dma 933
An Electron Microscope Study of Sindbis Virus RNA M-T. Hsu, H-J. Kung, and N. Davidson 943
Molecular Models and Combinatorial Principles in Cell Differentiation and Morphogenesis A. Gierer 951
SUMMARY
Chromosomes 1973: Organization of Genetic Material in Eukaryotes-Progress and Prospects H. Swift 963
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